Felix Mendelssohn mutambi ane mukurumbira uye munyori. Nhasi, zita rake rinobatanidzwa ne "Wedding March", pasina iyo hapana mhemberero yemuchato inogona kufungidzirwa.
Yakanga ichidiwa munyika dzese dzeEurope. Vakuru vakuru vakayemura mabasa ake enziyo. Aine ndangariro yakasarudzika, Mendelssohn akagadzira akawanda enziyo akaverengerwa murondedzero yeasingafe hits.
Hudiki nehudiki
Felix akaita rombo rakanaka rekuzvarirwa mumhuri ine mari. Uye haisi chikamu chemari chete. Mukuru wemhuri aiva nechinzvimbo chemukuru weimba yebhangi, uye, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, ainyatsoziva unyanzvi hwokudhirowa. Sekuru Mendelssohn akamupa nhaka - kutaura uye uchenjeri. Akanga ari muzivi ane mukurumbira.
Muimbi ane mukurumbira anobva kuHamburg. Zuva rekuzvarwa kwaMaestro ndiKukadzi 3, 1809. Felix akaberekerwa mumhuri huru. Akanga ane rombo rakanaka, nokuti vabereki vake vaiva nemukana wekupa vana vavo dzidzo yakanaka uye kurerwa. Vaenzi vakanaka vaiwanzouya kumba kwaMendelssohn - kubva kuvazivi uye vadetembi kuenda kune vanyori nevaimbi vane mukurumbira.
Mai Felix vakaona kuti mwana wavo aifarira mimhanzi. Akakwanisa kutungamira kugona kwekugadzira kweMendelssohn munzira kwayo nenguva. Akatanga kudzidza musical notation, uye akashanda nesimba nemudzidzisi Ludwig Berger. Felix aiziva kuridza violin uye violin, uye pasina nguva akafunga kudzidza kuridza piyano zvakare. Pasinei nezera rakadaro, Mendelssohn akanga ari munhu akakura zvikuru. Mukufambirana nezvidzidzo zvezviridzwa zvemimhanzi, anokwenenzverawo hunyanzvi hwake hwekutaura.
Mabasa ekutanga kubva pachinyoreso cheMendelssohn akabuda pazera re9. Mukomana ainyanya kunyora zvidimbu zvipfupi zvemimhanzi yepiyano uye ogani. Vaenzi vanoremekedzwa vakashanyira imba yaMaestro vakayemura nemoyo wese kugona kwake.
Nenguva isipi konzati yokutanga yemuimbi yakaitika. Zvisinei, Mendelssohn haana kutsunga kuzviisa kune veruzhinji nziyo dzezvaakanyora. Pamberi peruzhinji, akaridza mimhanzi, achishandisa basa revamwe vanyori. Nenguva isipi akafadza vateereri ne opera "Vazukuru Vaviri".
Mhuri yekwaMendelssohn yakafamba zvikuru. Achiri kuyaruka, Felix akashanyira Paris ine mavara nababa vake. Munyika itsva, tarenda wechidiki akaratidza mabasa ake emimhanzi. Nziyo dzaMendelssohn dzakasangana ikoko noushamwari, asi iye pachake akanga asingagutsikani nemafungiro akanga akapararira muFrance.
Paakasvika kumba, akagara pasi kuti anyore opera Camacho's Marriage. Muna 1825 basa racho rakapedzwa chose chose ndokupiwa kuvoruzhinji.
Iyo nzira yekugadzira ye maestro Felix Mendelssohn
1831 raive gore rinokosha kune maestro. Rakanga riri gore rino raakapa chic overture kune Shakespeare's comedy A Midsummer Night's Dream. Basa racho rakanga rakazara nemashoko uye rudo runyoro. Chikamu chechiitiko chacho chaiva nekufora kwemuchato kumwe chete kunozivikanwa nevanhu vose nhasi. Panguva yekusikwa kwebasa racho, munyori wacho akanga asina makore gumi nemanomwe.
Kwapera gore, danho rakagadziriswa remuchato waCamacho rakaitika. Vatsoropodzi vemimhanzi vakataura zvakanaka nezvebasa, izvo zvisingagoni kutaurwa pamusoro penharaunda yemitambo. Iyo yekupedzisira haina kupa basa re maestro mukana wekurarama. Muimbi wacho akaora mwoyo. Mushure maizvozvi, anosarudza kubva kure neimba yemitambo uye anotarisa pakugadzira nziyo dzezviridzwa. Active kugadzira basa haana kudzivirira munyori kudzidza paYunivhesiti. Humboldt, iyo yaiva muBerlin.
Chidhori chechidiki chaFerikisi chaive Bach. Panguva iyoyo, Bach kune vazhinji vekuEurope aive pachiyero naMwari. Nenguva isipi Mendelssohn akapa The Matthew Passion. Akapa chisikwa chisingafi Bach mutsva, wakawedzera mutsindo. Panguva iyoyo, yakava imwe yezviitiko zvepamusoro-soro zvegore. Pashure paizvozvo, Ferikisi akaenda parwendo rwake rukuru rwokutanga.
Kushanya naFelix Mendelssohn
Maestro akaenda kunharaunda yeLondon. Pamberi pevateereri vaida chaizvo, muimbi wacho akaita mabasa ekunyora kwake. Pamusoro pezvo, akaridza nziyo dzaaida kwenguva refu naWeber naBeethoven. Panguva imwecheteyo, akashanyira Scotland. Afadzwa nekunaka kusiri kwechokwadi, anogadzira iyo Scottish Symphony.
Apo Ferikisi akadzokera kunyika yake yeGermany, akakwaziswa nokukudzwa kukuru. Akadzoka ari celebrity chaiyo. Makonzati ake aitsigirwa nababa vake, avo vaiona mwanakomana wavo shasha chaiyo. Mushure mekuzorora kwenguva pfupi, muimbi anoshanyira Austria, Italy, France. Nokukurumidza achashanyirawo Roma. Yakanga iri pano kuti aizonyora The First Walpurgis Night. Mukutsigira basa idzva, Mendelssohn achaenda zvakare kunoshanya.
Panguva imwe cheteyo akatora chinzvimbo chemukuru weGewandhaus Orchestra. Vashandi vakanga vari muokestra vakazadzwa norudo rukuru noruremekedzo nokuda kwomutungamiriri mutsva. Vaimbi vakashanyira zvakawanda, uye vakakurumidza kuwana mukurumbira muEurope. Nokukurumidza Feriksi akatanga kunyora triptych "Eriya - Pauro - Kristu".
Muna 1841, chimwe chiitiko chinokosha chakaitika kuna Ferikisi. Ichokwadi ndechokuti Friedrich Wilhelm IV akarayira maestro kuti agadzirise Royal Academy of Arts muBerlin. Panguva imwecheteyo, munyori wacho akaratidza oratorio inoshamisa Eria. Vatsoropodzi nevadi vemimhanzi vakagamuchira noushamwari hutsva uhwu zvekuti Mendelssohn akazofemerwa zvakare. Aida kuramba achigadzira uye kufadza vateveri vanotevera basa rake nemimhanzi mitsva.
Kugadzira hakuna kutadzisa Mendelssohn kufunga nezvezvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha. Aida kugadzira nzvimbo yedzidzo yevanhu vanorarama nemimhanzi. Maestro akakumbira kugadzwa kweLeipzig Conservatory. Yakavhurwa muna 1843, uye zvinonyanya kukosha, mufananidzo wa "baba" vake - Felix Mendelssohn - uchiri kurembera mukati memadziro echikoro chedzidzo.
Tsanangudzo yehupenyu hwemunhu
Hupenyu hwega hwemaestro hwakabudirira kwazvo. Akakwanisa kuwana mukadzi chaiye uyo akazova kwaari kwete rudo rwehupenyu hwake chete, asiwo museum. Cecile Jeanrenot - ndiro raiva zita remudzimai waMaestro, akava tsigiro netsigiro yaMendelssohn. Vaviri vacho vakanyoresa hukama hwavo muna 1836. Aive mwanasikana wamufundisi. Cecile akasiyaniswa nehunhu hwakanaka uye hunhu hwekunyunyuta.
Mudzimai akafuridzira munyori kunyora zvinyorwa zvitsva. Nekuda kwekudzikama kwemukati kwaCecile, kugarisana nekunyaradzana kwemhuri zvakatonga mumba. Mumuchato uyu, vaviri vacho vaiva nevana 5.
Zvinofadza chokwadi pamusoro pemunyori Felix Mendelssohn
- Mendelssohn aiva shamwari nevanyori vakakurumbira - Chopin uye Liszt.
- Ferikisi akanga ari chiremba wouzivi.
- Akanyora anopfuura zana mabasa makuru.
- Miziyamu yemunyori iri muGermany, muLeipzig, muchivako chimwechete chaakapona sitiroko yake yekupedzisira.
- "Wedding March" yakave yakakurumbira chete mushure mekufa kwemaestro.
Makore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwemaestro
Muna 1846 akatanga kuva nezvinetso zvoutano. Akadzoka mushure mekushanya ndokutanga kunyora triptych "Kristu". Utano hwaFelix hwakatanga kuipa, zvichiita kuti asazokwanisa kudzokera kubasa. Munyori akanzwa zvakaipa zvikuru. Akatambura nekushaya simba uye migraines. Vanachiremba vakakurudzira kuti Mendelssohn atore zororo rekugadzira.
Nenguva isipi hanzvadzi yomunyori wacho yakafa, uye chiitiko ichi chakawedzera mamiriro enyanzvi yacho. Akarwadziwa zvikuru nerufu rwemunhu waaida. Mumatsutso a1847, Mendelssohn akarwara nesitiroko uye akatadza kupora kwenguva refu. Mamiriro emunyori wacho akawedzera kuipa. Aisatombofamba. Kwapera mwedzi, sitiroko yakadzokazve. Maiwe, muviri wake wakatadza kutsungirira kurohwa. Munyori akafa musi waNovember 4, 1847.
