Mily Balakirev ndomumwe wevanhu vane simba zvikuru vezana remakore rechiXNUMX. Muitisi uye muimbi akazvipira hupenyu hwake hwese hwekuziva kumumhanzi, asingaverenge nguva iyo maestro akakunda dambudziko rekugadzira.
Akava mutsigiri wepfungwa, pamwe nemuvambi weimwe nzira yehunyanzvi. Balakirev akasiya nhaka yakapfuma. Nziyo dzemaestro dzichiri kunzwika nanhasi. Mabasa emumhanzi aMilia anogona kunzwika mudzimba dzeOpera, horo dzekonzati, seri dzemazuva ano uye mafirimu.
Uduku hwomunyori Mily Balakirev
Maestro akaberekwa musi waJanuary 2, 1837 munharaunda yeNizhny Novgorod. Milia akaita rombo rakanaka kukurira mumhuri ine tsika dzakangwara. Amai vakazvipira kuita basa remumba nekurera vana. Mukuru wemhuri aive mumiriri wevakuru, pamwe chete nemupi wemazano.
Chizvarwa chekare chaive vateveri vechitendero chekare chechiKristu. Vabereki vakarera mwanakomana wavo nenzira yakakodzera. Mukomana akakura ari mwana ainamata zvekuti vabereki vake vaiona maari asiri bhishopu. Milius akakwanisa kuchengeta kuda kwake Mwari. Vera akabatsira Balakirev munguva dzakaoma zvikuru.
Kubva achiri mudiki, Mily aifarira zvemimhanzi. Amai vakacherechedza mano emwanakomana wavo nekufamba kwenguva ndokutanga kuazivisa. Pazera remakore matanhatu, mukomana akagara pasi papiyano kekutanga uye akatanga kushingaira kudzidza nziyo notation. Vabereki vane hanya vaida kuratidza zvizere mano emwanakomana wavo, saka vakamuendesa kuMoscow.
Youth maestro
Muguta guru reRussia, akatora kosi yakakurumidza muhunyanzvi hwepiyano. Mutevedzeri ane tarenda uye muimbi Alexander Dubuc akashanda naBalakirev. Apo Balakirev akadzokera kunyika yake, akaramba achidzidza mimhanzi. Panguva ino Karl Eiserich akava mudzidzisi wake. Nokukurumidza Karl akasuma mudzidzi wake tarenda kuna Ulybashev. Iyo philanthropist uye muimbi zvakakonzera zvakanyanya kuumbwa kwehunhu hwaMilia.
Muimba yaAlexander Dmitrievich, mhemberero dzaiwanzoitwa, dzaipindwa nevakuru vetsika - vaimbi vakakurumbira, vanyori, vanyori uye vazivi. Nekuda kwezviitiko zvakadaro, Milia akagadzira kuravira kwekunaka.
Mily aipedza yakawanda yenguva yake achiridza piyano. Makirasi akapera mushure mekufa kwaamai kwaisatarisira. Musoro wemhuri wakaroora kechipiri. Mhuri yakava yakakura, uye izvi zvakaita kuti marara awedzere. Baba vakanga vasingachakwanisi kubhadhara mari yezvidzidzo zvemimhanzi yemwanakomana wavo. Achiri kuyaruka, mukomana wacho akatumirwa kuNizhny Novgorod Noble Institute, kwaakagamuchira dzidzo yesekondari.
Nenguva isipi akapinda muFaculty of Mathematics yeKazan University somuzvipiri. Aida kudzidza, asi makirasi acho aitozomiswa pashure pegore. Chikonzero chekusiya chikoro chedzidzo yepamusoro yaive mari isina kukwana. Milia akanga asina imwe sarudzo kunze kwekuwana basa. Aiwana chouviri kubva mumhanzi. Balakirev akadzidzisa mimhanzi kumunhu wese. Sezvineiwo, mukati meiyi nhambo yenguva akanyora zvidimbu zvokutanga zvepiyano.
Nzira yekusika uye mimhanzi yemunyori Mily Balakirev
Ulybashev, achiona ane tarenda vanozivana, akasarudza kuenda naye kuguta guru retsika reRussia. Ikoko akasuma Milia kune akakurumbira muimbi Glinka. Mikhail akakoshesa zvikuru mabasa ekutanga aBalakirev uye akamurayira kuti arege kusiya mimhanzi.
Muna 1856, munyori wechidiki akapa nziyo dzake dzekutanga kune vatevedzeri vemimhanzi yekare. Panguva imwecheteyo, akazviratidzawo semutyairi panguva yekutamba kwekoniti allegro ine orchestra yepiyano.
Maestro's debut performance yaishamisa. Veruzhinji vaimuda. Mushure mekuita, Milia akapihwa basa rinoyedza. Akakokwa kuzotamba pamitambo yakavanzika. Basa rezvemari raBalakirev rakavandudzwa. Chinhu chimwe chete chakanga chisingamukodzeri kwaiva kushaikwa kwenguva yekusununguka yaaigona kupedza kunyora nziyo itsva dzemimhanzi.
Mabasa ake akazadzwa nemaitiro erudzi rweRussia. Mily akava akakurumbira munzanga yepamusoro. Mukati meiyi nhambo yenguva yakanga iri pamusoro pechiito chekonzati ye maestro. Asi ipapo Balakirev akaziva kuti akaberekwa kusika mimhanzi uye kuunza pfungwa itsva.
Akasarudza kuderedza nhamba yemitambo. Mily akatanga kushanda pakunyora nziyo dzemimhanzi. Chokwadika, uku kwaiva kurasikirwa kukuru. Asi Balakirev haana kuzvidemba chero chinhu, nokuti akanzwisisa kuti ichi chaiva magumo ake echokwadi.
Kuvambwa kwe "Mighty Handful"
Mukutanga kwema1850, akaita shamwari itsva. Munyori akatanga kutaurirana naV. Stasov naA. Dargomyzhsky. Yaiva nenhamba idzi dzevanhu, pamwe naSerov, kuti akasika Mighty Handful society. Vaikoshesa zvikuru kusimudzirwa kwetsika dzenyika, kunyanya mimhanzi. Zuva rega rega vaimbi vatsva, vaimbi nevamwe vanhu vetsika vaipinda munzanga.
Balakirev aisakwanisa kupfuura matarenda vaduku. Akaona riri basa rake kunangidzira zvavanogona munzira yakarurama. Nokufamba kwenguva, boka guru revanyori rakaumbwa. Kunyanya kukosha, munhu wese aive nemaitiro ega ega ekuburitsa mimhanzi. Nhamba dzetsika dzakaramba dziri dzepakutanga. Asi zvakadaro vakanga vakabatana nerudo rwemimhanzi uye chido chekubatsirana. Vamiriri vesosaiti vakasimudzira pfungwa yerudzi mune zvemazuva ano art.
Mily akatanga kuumba zvidimbu zvepiyano uye zverudo zvevasabhuku. Paakangotanga kunyora mabasa makuru ekutanga, akakurudzirwa nemunyori weRussia Mikhail Glinka. Muna 1866, maestro akatokoka Milia kuti atore chinzvimbo chemutungamiriri wekugadzirwa kweOperas A Life yeTsar naRuslan naLyudmila. Balakirev akatanga kushanda nekunakidzwa, achizviratidza semutyairi ane tarenda.
Mukupera kwema1860, pakava nenguva yakaoma muupenyu hwaMilia. Akatukwa uye akashorwa. Balakirev aive pamucheto. Akanzwa kuora mwoyo. Kwemakore anoverengeka, maestro akasiya mimhanzi. Haana kuburitsa nziyo itsva. Akanga asina kurudziro yekushanda pamwero wakapiwa. Makore gumi chete gare gare akatanga kunyora mabasa matsva. Munguva iyi yenguva, akapa symphonic nhetembo "Tamara".
Pakupera kwa1890 pakanga paine nguva inoshanda kwazvo muhupenyu hwaMilia. Chokwadi ndechekuti akapa nhamba yakakosha yenziyo dze pianoforte. Mukuwedzera, akatanga kuumba nhetembo symphonic "MuCzech Republic" uye "Rus".
Tsanangudzo yehupenyu hwega hwemaestro
Mily Balakirev haana kumbova nekugadzikana kwemari. Dzimwe nguva aikwanisa kuwana zvakawanda, asi kazhinji kacho aiva murombo. Muimbi aive munhu akasika uye anonakidza. Semurume wese, Mily aifarira zvevakadzi. Asi munyori haana kutya kugadzira ukama hwemhuri nemunhu. Akanga asina kuroora uye akasiya asina mugari wenhaka. Balakirev aifarira zvikuru mimhanzi. Uye nokusingaperi akaramba ari bachelor.
Pasinei nekuti Mily akaita mupiro wakakura mukusimudzira mimhanzi yekare yeRussia neEurope, maestro haana kumisa chivakwa mune chero guta.
Zvinofadza chokwadi nezve maestro
- Muimbi uyu aive munhu akazvipira hupenyu hwake hwese. Aigara achifunga nezveimba yemamongi.
- Milius akanga ari mupikisi ane hasha wenzvimbo dzekuchengetedza nzvimbo. Aitenda kuti tarenda chaiyo inogona "kukura" kumba.
- Muchirimo, akazorora muGatchina, musha uri kure weguta guru retsika reRussia. Muukweguru hwake, aitonyanya kufarira kupedza nguva ari kure neguta rakabatikana.
- Nhetembo ye symphonic "Tamara" haina kuregererwa ne "Russian Seasons". Akaita rombo rakanaka kusangana naDiaghilev.
- Pashure porufu rwaMambo Alexander III (muna 1894), munyori wacho akasiya chigaro chomukuru weDare Rechechi.
Kufa kwemunyori Mily Balakirev
Munyori akafa musi waMay 29, 1910. Paakafa, akanga ava nemakore 73. Akavigwa pamakuva eTikhvin muSt. Vanachiremba havana kukwanisa kudoma chikonzero chakakonzera kufa kwaBalakirev.
