Aretha Franklin akapinzwa muDombo uye Roll Hall yeMukurumbira muna 2008. Uyu muimbi wemhando yepamusoro-soro aiimba nziyo zvine mutsindo nemhando yeblues, mweya nevhangeri.
Aiwanzonzi mambokadzi wemweya. Kwete chete vane chiremera vatsoropodzi vemimhanzi vanobvumirana nemafungiro aya, asiwo mamiriyoni evateveri pasi rose.
Hudiki uye hudiki hwaAretha Franklin
Aretha Franklin akaberekwa Kurume 25, 1942 muMemphis, Tennessee. Baba vomusikana vaishanda somupristi, uye amai vake vaishanda somukoti. Aretha akayeuka kuti baba vake vaitaura zvakanaka, uye amai vake vaiva amai vemba vakanaka. Nokuda kwezvikonzero zvisingazivikanwi kumusikana, ukama hwevabereki hauna kukura.
Nenguva isipi zvakaipisisa zvakaitika - vabereki vaAretha vakarambana. Musikana akarwadziwa zvikuru nekurambana kwababa namai vake. Ipapo mhuri Franklin aigara muDetroit (Michigan). Mai vacho vaisada kugara pasi pedenga rimwechete neaimbova murume wavo. Haana kuwana mhinduro iri nani pane kusiya vana ndokuenda kuNew York.
Pazera ramakore gumi, tarenda rekuimba raAretha rakaburitswa. Baba vacho vakaona kuti mwanasikana wavo aifarira nziyo ndokumupinza mukwaya yechechi. Pasinei nokuti inzwi remusikana rakanga risati raitwa, vataridzi vakawanda vakaungana nokuda kwekuita kwake. Baba vakati Aretha ndiye parera reThe Bethel Baptist Church.
Aretha Franklin debut album kubudiswa
Tarenda raFranklin rakazarurwa zvizere pakati pema1950. Panguva iyoyo akaita munyengetero "Anodiwa Ishe" pamberi 4,5 zviuru vatendi. Panguva yemutambo, Arete aingova nemakore gumi nemana. Vhangeri rakashamisika nekushamisa mugadziri wezita rekuti JVB Records. Akazvipira kurekodha yekutanga album yaFranklin. Nenguva isipi, vanoda mimhanzi vakanga vava kunakirwa nenziyo dzeAretha ari oga, iyo yainzi Songs of Faith.
Mimhanzi yerwiyo rwekutanga album yakarekodwa panguva yekuitwa kwekwaya yechechi. Pakazara, kuunganidzwa kunosanganisira 9 tracks. Iri dambarefu rakaburitswa zvakare kakawanda.
Kubva panguva iyi zvichienda mberi, munhu aibva afunga kuti basa rekuimba raAretha rave kuda kusimuka. Asi yakanga isipo. Akaudza baba vake nezvenhumbu. Musikana uyu akanga achitarisira mwana wechitatu. Panguva yekuzvarwa kwemwanakomana wake, aive nemakore gumi nemanomwe.
Mukupera kwema1950, Franklin akasarudza kuti akanga asingafari nokuva amai vasina murume. Kugara pamba nevana kwakamukanganisa basa rake. Akasiya vana mukutarisira kwapapa ndokuenda kunokunda New York.
Nzira yekugadzira yaAretha Franklin
Atamira kuNew York, mutambi wechidiki haana kutambisa nguva inokosha. Musikana uyu akatumira kurekodhwa kweThe Gospel Soul yaAretha Franklin (studio yakabudiswazve yeNziyo dzeKutenda) kumakambani akati wandei.
Haasi mavara ese akapindura kupihwa kwekushandira pamwe, asi makambani matatu akabata Aretha. Nekuda kweizvozvo, muimbi wechitema akaita sarudzo achifarira Columbia Records label, kwaishanda John Hammond.
Sezvinoratidzwa nenguva, Franklin akakanganisa pakuverenga kwake. Columbia Records yakanga isingazive nzira yekusuma muimbi kune vanoda mimhanzi. Panzvimbo yekurega mutambi wechidiki amuwane "Ini", zita racho rakamuchengetedza chimiro chemuimbi wepop.
Kwemakore matanhatu, Aretha Franklin akaburitsa anenge gumi. Vatsoropodzi vemimhanzi vakayemura inzwi remuimbi wacho, asi vakataura chinhu chimwe chete pamusoro penziyo dzacho: “Hazvisi nyore kwazvo.” Zvinyorwa zvakagoverwa mukutenderera kwakakosha, asi nziyo hadzina kurova machati.
Zvichida iro rakanyanya kufarirwa dambarefu renguva ino harikanganwiki - mutero wakatsaurirwa muimbi waAretha anofarira Dinah Washington. Aretha Franklin akati mune imwe yekubvunzurudza kwake:
“Dina ndakamunzwa ndichiri mudiki. Baba vangu ndaivaziva asi ini ndaisavaziva. Pachivande, ndaimuyemura. Ndaida kutsaurira nziyo kuna Dina. Ini handina kuyedza kutevedzera maitiro ake akasiyana, ndaingoimba nziyo dzake manzwire aaiita mweya wangu ... ".
Kudyidzana nemugadziri Jerry Wexler
Pakati pema1960, kondirakiti yake neColumbia Records yakapera. Mugadziri weAtlantic Records Jerry Wexler akapa Aretha mubatanidzwa unobatsira muna 1966. Akabvuma. Franklin akatanga zvakare kuimba mweya wake wenguva dzose uye wepamoyo.
Mugadziri aive netarisiro huru kune mutambi. Aida kurekodha dambarefu rejazz neMusic Emporium. Iwo atove akapfuma mazwi aAretha Franklin Jerry aida kuenderana nemimhanzi yaEric Clapton, Dwayne Allman naKissy Houston. Asi zvakare, zvinhu hazvina kufamba semarongero.
Panguva yemusangano westudio, murume waAretha (maneja wenguva isina kuzara Ted White) akamutsa bopoto rekudhakwa nemumwe wevaimbi. Mugadziri akamanikidzwa kudzinga Franklin nemurume wake kunze. Muimbi akakwanisa kurekodha track imwe chete pasi peaspices yaJerry. Tiri kutaura nezve track yandisina kumboda murume (The Way I Love You).
Kuumbwa uku kwakava kurova chaiko. Aretha aida kupedzisa kurekodha album. Muna 1967, a full-fledged studio album yakagadzirira. Kuunganidzwa kwakakwira kusvika pachinzvimbo chechipiri chechati yenyika. Basa rokuimba raFranklin rakatanga.
Aretha Franklin akaramba achizadza discography yake nemaalbum. Iyo Lady Soul kuunganidzwa, iyo yakaburitswa muna 1968, inofanirwa kutariswa zvakanyanya. Muna 2003, Rolling Stone akaisa dambarefu #84 pane yavo rondedzero ye500 Greatest Albums of All Time.
Parera reAlbum yambotaurwa yaive yekuumbwa Kuremekedza, mutambi wekutanga aive Otis Redding. Sezvineiwo, iyo track yakava iyo unofficial anthem yeboka revakadzi, uye Aretha akave chiso chevakadzi vatema. Mukuwedzera, nekuda kwerwiyo urwu, Franklin akagamuchira mubayiro wake wekutanga weGrammy.
Kudzikira kukurumbira kwaAretha Franklin
Mumakore ekuma1970, nziyo dzaAretha Franklin dzakanga dzishoma pamachati. Zita rake rakakanganikwa zvishoma nezvishoma. Yakanga isiri nguva yakareruka muhupenyu hwemuimbi. Pakati pemakore ekuma1980, baba vake vakafa, vakarambana nemurume wavo ... uye maoko aAretha akadonha.
Mutambi akadzorerwa kuhupenyu kupfura mufirimu "The Blues Brothers" (The Blues Brothers). Iyi firimu inotaura nezvevarume vanosarudza kumutsiridza bhendi rekare reblues kuitira kuti vaendese mari yacho kumusha wenherera uko ivo vakambokurira. Franklin akaratidza kuva nyanzvi yemifananidzo. Akazotora nyeredzi mufirimu The Blues Brothers 2000.
Nenguva isipi muimbi wacho akazorasikirwa nekufarira kurekodha maalbum ega. Iye zvino ainyanya kurekodha nziyo dzemimhanzi mu duet. Saka, iyo track Ndakaziva Iwe Wanga Wakamirira, iyo yakaratidzwa pakati pemakore ekuma1980 naGeorge Michael, yakatora nzvimbo yekutanga paBillboard Hot 1.
Mushure mekubudirira kukuru, hapana kudyidzana kwakabudirira naChristina Aguilera, Gloria Estefan, Mariah Carey, Frank Sinatra nevamwe vakatevera.
Iyi nguva inoratidzirwa nehurongwa hwekushanya hwakabatikana. Aretha Franklin akaita munenge mumakona ese epasi. Sezvineiwo, akashandisa zvakarekodhwa kubva kumakonzati kugadzira mavhidhiyo.
Upenyu hwehupenyu hwaAretha Franklin
Hazvibviri kutaura chokwadi kuti hupenyu hwaFranklin hwakabudirira. Mukadzi uyu akaroorwa kaviri. Muna 1961, akaroora Ted White. Mumuchato uyu, vaviri vacho vakararama kwemakore masere. Ipapo Artera akava mudzimai Glynn Turman, muna 8 mubatanidzwa uyu zvakare akaparara.
Manheru ekuzvarwa kwake makumi manomwe, Aretha Franklin akazivisa kuti aizoroora kechitatu. Zvisinei, mazuva mashomanana kupemberera kwacho kusati kwasvika, zvakazozivikanwa kuti mukadzi wacho akabvisa muchato.
Franklin zvakaitikawo saamai. Aiva nevana vana. Ari mudiki, Aretha akarera vanakomana vaviri, Clarence naEdward. Pakati pemakore ekuma1960, muimbi wacho akabereka mwanakomana wemurume wake, mukomana wacho ainzi Ted White Jr. Mwana wekupedzisira akaberekwa mukutanga 1970s kune maneja Ken Cunningham. Franklin akatumidza mwanakomana wake Cecalf.
Zvinofadza chokwadi nezve Aretha Franklin
- Aretha Franklin ane 18 Grammy mibairo. Pamusoro pezvo, akave mukadzi wekutanga kupinzwa muDombo uye Roll Hall yeMukurumbira uye Museum.
- VaAretha Franklin vakaimba pakugadzwa kwevatungamiri vatatu veAmerica vanoti Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton naBarack Obama.
- Repertoire huru yaFranklin mweya uye R&B, asi muna 1998 "akatyora hurongwa". Pamhemberero dzeGrammy Awards, muimbi akaridza aria Nessun Dorma kubva kuopera Turandot naGiacomo Puccini.
- Aretha Franklin anotya kubhururuka. Munguva yehupenyu hwake, mukadzi wacho haana kubhururuka, asi akafamba-famba munyika yose mubhazi raanofarira.
- Imwe asteroid yakatumidzwa zita reAretha. Chiitiko ichi chakaitika kare muna 2014. Zita repamutemo reiyo cosmic body ndeye 249516 Aretha.
Kufa kwaAretha Franklin
Muna 2010, Arete akapiwa chirwere chinoodza mwoyo. Muimbi uyu akabatwa cancer. Pasinei neizvi, akaramba achiita pachikuva. Franklin akapedzisira kuita konzati yekutsigira Elton John AIDS Foundation muna 2017.
Yakanga iri panguva ino apo mapikicha anotyisa aAretha akabuda - akange arasikirwa ne39 kg uye airatidzika kunge aneta. Franklin akaziva kuti pakanga pasisina kudzokera shure. Akaonekana nevadikani vake in advance. Vanachiremba vakafanotaura nezvekufa kwemukurumbira. Aretha Franklin akafa muna Nyamavhuvhu 16, 2018 aine makore makumi manomwe nematanhatu.
