Anonzi muimbi uye muimbi kubva mu "shot list". Nikolai Zhilyaev akave akakurumbira muupenyu hwake hupfupi semuimbi, munyori, mudzidzisi, chimiro chevanhu. Munguva yehupenyu hwake, akaonekwa sechiremera chisingarambiki.
Zviremera zvakaedza kudzima basa rake panyika, uye kusvika pamwero wakati rakabudirira. Kusvikira kuma80, vashomanana chete vaiziva nezvemabasa eZhilyaev. Nikolaev mabasa ehunyanzvi ari kudzidzisa (kuumbwa), zvidzidzo zvemavara uye mimhanzi kugadzirisa.
Uduku uye vechidiki Nikolai Zhilyaev
Zuva rekuzvarwa kwaMaestro ndiGumiguru 6, 1881. Akazvarwa munharaunda yeKursk. Chinenge chinhu chinozivikanwa nezvemakore ehuduku aNikolai. Chiri pachena ndechekuti akabva kumhuriwo zvayo.
Kubva achiri mudiki ave achifarira zvemimhanzi. Achiri kuyaruka, Nikolai anoshingaira kuridza zviridzwa zvakawanda. Chipo uye chido chokukudziridza muna 1896 chakamuunza kuguta guru reRussia - Moscow.
Kwemakore matatu, jaya rave richitora zvidzidzo mukuwirirana, polyphony yechimiro chakasimba, fugue uye chimiro chemimhanzi kubva kuS.I. Taneeva. Zhilyaev aiva mumwe wevadzidzi vane tarenda remudzidzisi.
Akakwezvwa nekuvandudza, uye saka akakurumidza kuita zviridzwa pasi pekutungamirirwa kwakasimba kweKonyus. Nikolay aisagona kufungidzira upenyu hwake pasina mimhanzi. Vadzidzisi semumwe akafanotaura ramangwana rakanaka remimhanzi kwaari.
Nokukurumidza akapedza kudzidza kubva Moscow Conservatory. Pakutanga kwezana ramakore idzva, akagadzira yekutanga Overture, pamwe neScherzo yetambo quartet. Sebasa rekuongorora, munyori akapa cantata "Samsoni".
Nenzira, akabatanidza zvidzidzo zvake panzvimbo yekuchengetedza nekudzidzisa. Saka, akadzidzisa mumhanzi mwanakomana uye muzukuru Russian munyori Leo Tolstoy. Uyewo, anonyanya kuzivikanwa philanthropist Morozova, uye ramangwana Marshal weSoviet Union, M.N. Tukhachevsky, vakauya kumakirasi ake.
Inoshanda naNikolai Zhilyaev
Apo Nikolai Zhilyaev akazvizivisa semunhu mutsva, akataura, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kuti akanga ari muimbi wekutanga, uye chete ipapo muimbi. Maestro akaridza piyano neogani nounyanzvi.
Munguva yehupenyu hwake, akakwanisa kubudisa zvidimbu zvishoma zvemimhanzi. Basa rakawanda harina kusvika kune vakararama panguva imwe chete navo. Munguva yehupenyu hwake, vanoyemura basa raZhilyaev vakakwanisa kunakidzwa nezvidimbu zvaakanyora piyano uye violin, yezwi uye piyano.
Basa remunyori rakapesvedzerwa zvakanyanya nemutorwa maestro Grieg. Kuti ajairane nechidhori chake, Nikolai akanyanya kuenda kuNorway. Akakwanisa kushanyira munyori wacho. Rwendo rwacho rwakaguma kwete chete mukuzivana kunofadza, asiwo mukudzidza mutauro wechiNorwegian.
Mushure mokunge asvika kubva kuNorway, akatora pseudonym yekusika Peer Gynt. Zvingangodaro, chokwadi cherudo rwekuda kwezvinyorwa zveGrieg zvakakonzera chisarudzo chekuzvitorera zita rakadaro. Nezita iri akasaina zvinyorwa zvake. Kwenguva yakati, Nikolai akashanda mupepanhau romunzvimbomo, achiongorora mabasa evanyori veSoviet. Zhilyaev akavandudza ruzivo rwake muupenyu hwake hwose. Akanga ari munhu akadzidza zvikuru uye aiziva mitauro mishanu.
Kwemakore akati wandei akashanda semutsoropodzi wemimhanzi mubhuku rinozivikanwa reRussia reGolden Fleece. Pashure penguva yakati, akabudisa nyanzvi nyaya mumagazini "Moscow Weekly" uye "Music".
Nikolai Zhilyaev aiva nyanzvi pane notographic manotsi. Zvinyorwa zvake zvakabudiswa mumagazini "To New Shores", "Modern Music", "Musical Nov" nemamwe. Nemafungiro ake enyanzvi, "akafamba" kuburikidza nezvinyorwa zvevamwe vake. Aifarira basa raProkofiev, Shostakovich, Alexandrov, Scriabin.
Munguva iyi yenguva anofamba zvakawanda. Zhilyaev akashanyira kwete chete maguta akawanda enyika yake, asiwo akashanyira Austria, Germany, Norway. Zviremera hazvina kukoshesa chido chaNikolai chokudzidza nyika.
Nikolai Zhilyaev: kubvumirwa kune chinzvimbo chemubhaibheri padzimbahwe reTukhachevsky
Muna 1911 akava chikamu che "Music and Theoretical Library" nharaunda. Zhilyaev - anonyatso shanda pamwe nemunyori Scriabin. Anomubatsira kugadzirisa zvimwe zvezvidimbu. Achitarisira kufa kwake kwakanga kwava pedyo, Alexander akasarudza kupa Nikolai chikamu chebasa racho.
Kunyatsozivana naScriabin kwakamubvumira kuti anowanzoshanyira imba yeMoscow yemunyori. Akashanyira Alexander kune dacha yake uye aive mumwe wekutanga kuteerera kunonoka sonatas yekuumbwa kwakaitwa nemunyori.
Munguva yeHondo Yenyika, akashanda padzimbahwe raM. N. Tukhachevsky, achitora nzvimbo yemunyori webhaibheri. Gare gare, iye achabhadhara zvakakwana kuti ave nemhando yekubatana naMikhail Nikolaevich.
Kubva pakati pe-30 yezana remakore rapfuura, akatanga kutaurirana pedyo naShostakovich. Ukama hwepedyo pakati pevanyori hwakanga hwakabatana zvisingaite nezita reakambotaurwa Tukhachevsky, ushamwari hwakazouraya Nikolai.
Basa rekunyora - rakatora chikamu cheshumba chenguva yekushanda yaNikolai. Aive nhengo yevapepeti vechikamu cheGosizdat. Akanyorwa semunyori wezvinyorwa zvepiyano Allegro naA. Scriabin (basa rakaburitswa mukupera kwema20s pasi pezita rekuti Symphonic Poem yeOrchestra). Mukuwedzera, akabudisa C. Debussy's Symphony (1933), iyo yaakanyora achiri muduku.
Zhilyaev ndiye munyori wemabhuku akawanda enhoroondo yemimhanzi. Hazvibviri kusataura nezvebasa rake rinonyanya kufarirwa, raakanyora naN.A. Metlov. Zviri pamusoro pe "Music Reader".
Pakati pe-20s yezana remakore rapfuura, akagadzwa mudzidzisi paMoscow Conservatory. Akapa chikoro chedzidzo makore anopfuura 10. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti Nikolai akadzidzisa zvidzidzo zvezvidzidzo zvevanyori vevadzidzi. Pashure penguva yakati, Zhilyaev achadzidzisa chete vakasununguka kuumbwa.
Nikolai Zhilyaev: kusungwa kwemunyori
Pane imwe nguva muimbi akauya kuna Nina Fedorovna Teplinskaya, uyo panguva iyoyo akabata nzvimbo yemukuru weraibhurari. Akakumbira kuchengeta mamwe marekodhi. Panguva iyoyo, vanyori nevaimbi vakawanda vaitya kuchengeta manyoro pamba vakaita izvi. Maestro akatenda kuti raibhurari ndiyo chete nzvimbo iyo zvinyorwa zvicharamba zvakachengeteka. Akavimbisa Teplinskaya kudzoka nokukurumidza ... asi iyo yakanga iri musangano wavo wokupedzisira.
Mukutanga kwaNovember, akasungwa nePeople's Commissariat yeInternal Affairs yeSoviet Union. Nicholas akapomerwa mhosva yekupikisa-revolutionary zviitiko uye espionage. Panguva iyoyo, kupomerwa kwakadaro "kwakasonwa" kune vakawanda tsika dzeUSSR. NKVD yakatora archive yake uye raibhurari hombe - mabhuku nemimhanzi.
Akaendeswa muchitokisi mu "Tukhachevsky case". Nikolai akawira murukova rwe "hit lists" akapinda mukuita kwePeople's Commissariat yeInternal Affairs yeUSSR mushure meDecember 1, 1934 (kupondwa kwaS.M. Kirov).
Chirevo: "Nyaya yeTukhachevsky" inyaya yekupomerwa kweboka revatungamiriri vemauto eSoviet vanotungamirwa naMarshal Mikhail Tukhachevsky yekuronga kurangana kwemauto kutora masimba.
Zita remunhu akashora munyori wenziyo ndiA.A. Kovalensky - akagurwa kunze kweChiratidzo cheMuchuchisi Mukuru weUSSR munyaya yeZhilyaev. Mwedzi mishomanana gare gare, uyo akashora muimbi wacho akapfurwawo.
Kwapera gore akatongerwa rufu. Mutongo wakaitwa pazuva remutongo. Mumakore makumi matanhatu ezana remakore rapfuura, nyaya yacho yakaongororwa zvakare. Akafa musi waJanuary 60, 20. Pakupera kwaApril 1938, Zhilyaev akagadziridzwa zvizere.
