Muridzi weyakadzika contralto Mercedes Sosa anozivikanwa sezwi reLatin America. Yakave nemukurumbira mukuru muma1960 ezana ramakore rapfuura sechikamu chenueva canción (rwiyo rutsva).
Mercedes akatanga basa rake aine makore gumi nemashanu, achiita nziyo dzengano nevanyori vemazuva ano. Vamwe vanyori, vakadai semuimbi wekuChile Violetta Parra, vakagadzira mabasa avo kunyanya kuMercedes.
Izwi remusikana uyu anoshamisa raizivikanwa kure kure nemiganhu yenyika yake, chimiro chake chinoshamisa uye chine mavara chave chiratidzo cherusununguko rweLatin America.
Mumimhanzi yemuimbi, munhu anogona kunzwa kwete chete rhythms yevaIndia veLatin America, asiwo Cuban neBrazilian mukati mekutungamira.
Vechidiki Mercedes Sosa
Mercedes akaberekwa musi waChikunguru 9, 1935 kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweArgentina. Mhuri yacho yaiva yevarombo uye yaiwanzoda zvinhu zvinongoshaikwa. Mwanasikana akaberekwa werudzi rweAymara Indian akatambira mutinhimira uye nekunaka kwakapfuma kwevanhu vake.
Zvisinei, kwete ropa revaIndia vekuSouth America chete rinoyerera muropa remuimbi weArgentina ane tarenda, asi vaFrench, Italy neSpain vanobva kune dzimwe nyika vakasiyawo genetic code.
Kubvira achiri muduku, musikana akaratidza kufarira mumhanzi, rwiyo uye kutamba. Pazera ramakore 15, Sosa akapinda mumakwikwi emimhanzi akarongwa nenhepfenyuro yomunzvimbomo.
Mushure mekuhwina mubairo, akasaina kondirakiti yemwedzi miviri semuimbi. Iye zvino vese vekuArgentina vaigona kunzwa izwi rake rinoshamisa.
Nenguva isipi musikana akakokwa kuti atore chikamu muNational Folklore Festival, iyo yaiva uchapupu hwekubudirira kwake kunoshamisa.
Panguva iyoyo muArgentina, kufarira mumhanzi wevanhu kwakamuka, uye Mercedes akawana mukurumbira chaizvo semuimbi wenziyo dzengano.
Muna 1959, Mercedes akarekodha dambarefu rake rekutanga, La Voz De La Zafra.
Emigration Mercedes Sosa kuenda kuEurope
Mushure mekutora masimba kwemauto eVidela junta (1976), Mercedes akatanga kutambudzwa nekuda kwemaonero ake ezvematongerwo enyika, akatosungwa pane imwe yemakonzati ake.
Muna 1980, muimbi aifanira kutamira kuEurope, kwaakapedza makore maviri. Hurumende yemauto iyo junta yakatangwa munyika haina kupa chero mukana wekuita makonzati uye kuimba nezvekururamisira.
Sezvo muimbi akadana pachena zviito zvehurumende itsva "hondo yakasviba", akabva anyadziswa. Zvaikwanisika kusunungura Mercedes kubva muhusungwa chete nekuda kwechikumbiro chemasangano epasi rose.
Sezvo inzwi remuimbi rairatidza kupererwa kwevanhuwo zvavo, junta yakaedza kumunyaradza. Asi muutapwa, muimbi wacho akaramba achiimba nezvenyika yake, uye mamiriyoni evanhu pasi pose akamunzwa.
MuEurope, Mercedes akasangana vaimbi vakatanhamara uye vaimbi vezvitaera zvakasiyana-siyana - muimbi weOpera Luciano Pavarotti, mutambi weCuba Silvio Rodriguez, Italian classical uye akakurumbira mumhanzi muimbi Andrea Bocelli, muimbi weColombia Shakira nevamwe vanhu vakatanhamara.
Mercedes akatenderera zvakanyanya munyika dzakasiyana, akaitwa pamwe chete nevatambi vane mukurumbira uye vakakurumbira. Nziyo dzake dzairatidza pfungwa dzevanhu vaidzvinyirirwa nevakuru vehurumende, vakanyimwa kodzero dzevanhu.
Mercedes akapinda munhoroondo yetsika dzemimhanzi semuvambi weiyo nueva canción movement.
Mercedes akadzokera kunyika yake muna 1982 (mushure mekukundwa kweVidela junta), pakarepo akaronga makonzati akawanda.
Muimbi akaridza pamuzinda weopera weimba, akarekodha nyowani (inotevera) mimhanzi album. MaCD ake akatengeswa nenhamba huru uye akatengeswa zvakanyanya.
Kudzoka kwaMercedes
Adzoka kubva kuutapwa kunyika yake, Mercedes akava chidhori chevanhu vokwake, kunyanya vechidiki. Mashoko enziyo dzake akanzwika mumoyo wese - aiziva nzira yekukwevera vanhu kwaari nekutendeseka uye kushamisa kunoshamisa.
Sosa paakadzokera kunyika yake, pakava nefungu idzva rekuzivikanwa kwake - kutenderera kutsva kwemukurumbira. Munguva yekumanikidzwa kutama, nyika yese yakadzidza nezve uyu mutambi anoshamisa wengano.
Runako rweizwi remuimbi rwakayemurwa ndokunzi rimwe rezvakanakisa pasirese. Charisma uye tarenda yemuimbi zvakamubvumira kuti abatane nevaimbi vezvitaera zvakasiyana, izvo zvaigara zvichipfumisa repertoire yake nevavariro itsva uye rhythms.
Muimbi uyu akaunzawo vaimbi vanobva kunyika dzakasiyana siyana kutsika nehunhu hwechinyakare cheArgentina.
Chimiro chitsva chemuimbi
Mumakore ekuma1960, Mercedes nomurume wake wokutanga, Matus Manuel, vakapayona nzira itsva yenziyo inonzi nueva cancion.
Vaimbi munziyo dzavo vakagoverana zvinoitika nemifarwa yavashandiwo zvavo veArgentina, vakataura pamusoro pezviroto zvavo zvomukati-kati nenhamo.
Muna 1976, muimbi akashanyira maguta eEurope neAmerica, izvo zvakabudirira zvikuru. Rwendo urwu uye kutaurirana nevanhu vatsva zvakapfumisa mukwende wemumhanzi wemuimbi, zvakamuzadza nevavariro itsva uye mutinhimira.
Basa rekugadzira remuimbi weArgentina rakatora makore anoda kusvika makumi mana, Sosa akazvipira makore ake ese ehupenyu kumimhanzi nenziyo. Mukwende wake wekugadzira une 40 maalbum, mazhinji acho aive akatengeswa zvakanyanya.
Nziyo dzake dzinonyanya kufarirwa dzinonzi Gracias a la Vida ("Thanks to Life"), iyo yaakanyorerwa nemuimbi weChile uye muimbi Violetta Parra. Mupiro wekusimudzira mimhanzi yemukadzi uyu anoshamisa haugone kuve wakanyanyisa.
