Juan Atkins anozivikanwa semumwe wevagadziri ve techno music. Kubva pane izvi kwakasimuka boka remhando dzava kunzi electronica. Angangodaro aivewo munhu wekutanga kushandisa izwi rekuti "techno" kumimhanzi.
Yake mitsva yemagetsi soundscapes yakapesvedzera anenge ese emimhanzi genre yakauya mushure. Zvisinei, kunze kwevateveri vemimhanzi yekutamba yemagetsi, vashoma vanoda mimhanzi vanoziva zita rokuti Juan Atkins.
Kunyangwe kuvepo kwechiratidziro muDetroit Historical Museum yakatsaurirwa kune muimbi uyu, anoramba ari mumwe wevasinganzwisisike vamiriri vemimhanzi vemazuva ano.
Techno mimhanzi yakatanga kuDetroit, Michigan, uko Atkins akazvarwa munaGunyana 12, 1962. Mafeni pasi rese akabatanidza mimhanzi yeAtkins nenzvimbo dzinogara dzisina kujeka dzeDetroit. Vakaratidza zvivakwa zvakasiiwa kubva kuma1920 uye mota dzekare.
Atkins pachake akagovera zvaanofunga nezvemamiriro akaparara eDetroit naDan Cicco: “Ndakarohwa nemhepo ndiri pakati peguta, paGriswold. Ndakatarisa chivako chacho ndikaona logo yeAmerican Airline yakanga yapera. Nzira mushure mekunge vabvisa chiratidzo. Ndakadzidza chimwe chinhu pamusoro peDetroit - mune chero rimwe guta mune dhorobha, riri kusimukira. "
Zvisinei, kutanga kwechokwadi kwenhoroondo ye techno music haina kuitika zvachose muDetroit. Hafu yeawa maodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweDetroit iBelleville, Michigan, taundi duku riri pedyo nemugwagwa mukuru. Vabereki vaJuan vakatumira Juan nemukoma wake kunogara naambuya vavo mushure mokunge chikoro chemukomana chaderera uye mhirizhonga yakatanga kumuka mumigwagwa.
Semudzidzi wepakati uye wesekondari muBelleville, Atkins akasangana naDerrick May naKevin Saunderson, vese vaimbi vari kusimukira. Vatatu vacho vaiwanzoshanyira Detroit kune akasiyana "kurembera kunze". Gare gare, vakomana vakazozivikanwa seThe Belleville Three, uye Atkins akawana zita rake remadunhurirwa - Obi Juan.
Juan Atkins akafurirwa nemuiti weredhiyo Electrifying Mojo
Baba vaAtkins vaiva murongi wemakonti, uye panguva iyo mukomana akakura, mumba maiva nezviridzwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemimhanzi. Akave fan weDetroit radio jockey anonzi Electrifying Mojo (Charles Johnson).
Aive muimbi wemahara, DJ paredhiyo yeAmerica yekutengesa, ane mashoo akasanganiswa marudzi nemafomu. Electrifying Mojo yakabatana nevatambi vakasiyana muma1970 vakaita saGeorge Clinton, Paramende uye Funkadelic. Panguva iyoyo, aive mumwe wevashoma veAmerican DJs vairidza mimhanzi yedhanzi yemagetsi paredhiyo.
"Kana iwe uchida kuziva kuti sei techno yakauya kuDetroit, unofanirwa kutarisa DJ Electrifying Mojo - aive nemaawa mashanu eredhiyo husiku hwega hwega pasina zvirambidzo," Atkins akaudza Village Voice.
Mukutanga kwema1980, Atkins akava muimbi akawana nzvimbo inotapira pakati pefunk nemimhanzi yemagetsi. Kunyangwe achiri mudiki, airidza makiyibhodhi, asi kubva pakutanga aifarira iyo DJ console. Kumba, akaedza kushandisa mixer nekaseti rekodha.
Mushure mekupedza chikoro chesekondari, Atkins akaenda kuWashtenaw Community College padyo neYpsilanti, padyo neBelleville. Yakanga iri kuburikidza nehushamwari nemumwe mudzidzi, murwi wekuVietnam, Rick Davis, kuti Atkins akatanga kudzidza kugadzira ruzha rwemagetsi.
Kuziva kwekufona naJuan Atkins
Davis aive neyakasiyana-siyana yezvigadzirwa zvitsva, kusanganisira imwe yekutanga sequencers (mudziyo unobvumira mushandisi kurekodha ruzha rwemagetsi) yakaburitswa neRoland Corporation. Nenguva isipi, kubatana kwaAtkins naDavis kwakabhadhara - vakatanga kunyora mimhanzi pamwe chete.
"Ndaida kunyora mimhanzi yemagetsi, ndaifunga kuti nokuda kweizvi ndaifanira kuva purogiramu, asi ndakaona kuti zvakanga zvisina kuoma sezvazvaiita kare," Atkins akadaro muhurukuro nepepanhau reVillage Voice.
Atkins akabatana naDavis (uyo akatora pseudonym 3070) uye pamwe chete vakatanga kunyora mimhanzi. Vaviri vacho vakasarudza kufonera Cybotron. Vakomana vakangoerekana vaona izwi iri mune rondedzero yemitsara yeramangwana uye vakafunga kuti izvi ndizvo zvavaida kune zita reiyo duet.
Muna 1981, yekutanga single, Alleys of Your Mind, yakaburitswa ikatengeswa makopi angangosvika zviuru gumi nezvishanu muDetroit yese mushure mekunge Electrifying Mojo yatanga kuburitsa imwe chete pachirongwa cheredhiyo.
Kuburitswa kwechipiri kweCosmic Cars zvakare yakatengeswa zvakanaka. Nenguva isipi iyo yakazvimirira label West Coast Fantasy yakaziva nezve duo. Atkins naDavis havana kutsvaga purofiti yakawanda mukunyora nekutengesa mimhanzi yavo. Atkins akati hapana chavanoziva nezve West Coast Fantasy label. Asi rimwe zuva ivo vamene havana kutumira kondirakiti nepositi nokuda kwokusaina.
Rwiyo "rakatumidzwa" rudzi rwese
Muna 1982 Cybotron yakaburitsa track Clear. Iri basa rine hunhu hunotonhora mutsindo rakazonzi classic of electronic music. Zvinoenderana nemhando dzekirasi, hapana mazwi murwiyo. Yaiva iyi "manomano" ayo akawanda techno artists akazokwereta. Shandisa mazwi erwiyo chete sewedzero kana chishongedzo chemimhanzi.
Gore rakatevera, Atkins naDavis vakaburitsa Techno City, uye vateereri vazhinji vakatanga kushandisa zita rerwiyo kutsanangura rudzi rwemimhanzi rwayaive.
Iri izwi idzva rakatorwa kubva kumunyori wenguva yemberi Alvin Toffler's The Third Wave (1980), apo mazwi okuti "techno-rebels" aiwanzoshandiswa. Zvinozivikanwa kuti Juan Atkins akaverenga bhuku iri achiri kuchikoro chesekondari muBelleville.
Nenguva isipi kusawirirana kwakatanga mumutambo weAtkins naDavis. Vakomana vakasarudza kusiya nekuda kwemhando dzakasiyana dzemimhanzi. Davis aida kunangisa mumhanzi wake padombo. Atkins - pane techno. Nekuda kweizvozvo, yekutanga yakapinda murima. Panguva imwecheteyo, wechipiri akatora matanho ekuparidzira mimhanzi mitsva iyo iye pachake akasika.
Kubatana naMay naSaunderson, Juan Atkins akagadzira iyo Deep Space Soundworks pamwe chete. Pakutanga, boka racho rakazviisa senharaunda yeDJs inotungamirirwa naAtkins. Asi munguva pfupi vaimbi vakatanga kirabhu muguta reDetroit rainzi The Music Institute.
Chizvarwa chechipiri che techno DJs, kusanganisira Carl Craig naRichie Hawtin (anozivikanwa sePlastikman), vakatanga kuita pachikwata. Techno mimhanzi yakatowana nzvimbo paredhiyo yeDetroit paFast Forward.
Juan Atkins: rimwe basa remuimbi
Atkins akakurumidza kuburitsa dambarefu rake rekutanga, Deep Space, rakanzi Infinity. Mabhuku mashoma anotevera akaburitswa pane akasiyana techno labels. Skynet muna 1998 paGerman label Tresor. Pfungwa neMuviri muna 1999 paBelgian label R&S.
Pasinei nezvose, Atkins ainyatsozivikanwa kunyange mumusha wake weDetroit. Asi Detroit Electronic Music Festival, inoitwa gore negore pedyo neDetroit's waterfront, yakaratidza kukanganisa kwechokwadi kwebasa raAtkins. Vanhu vangangosvika miriyoni imwe vakauya kuzoteerera vateveri vemuimbi uyu. Vakaita kuti munhu wese atambe asina chinhu kunze kwemidziyo yemagetsi.
Juan Atkins pachake akaita pamutambo muna 2001. Mubvunzurudzo yaakapa paJahsonic's Orange magazine, akaratidzira nezve techno ambivalent chimiro semumhanzi weAfrica-America. "Ndinogona kufunga kuti dai taiva boka revana vachena, tingadai tatova mamirioni, asi izvo hazvigone kuve nerusaruraganda sezvazvingaite pakutanga," akadaro.
“Mablack label haana chaanoziva. At least vachena vachataura neni. Ivo havaite chero mafambiro kana kupa. Asi vanogara vachiti: "Tinoda mimhanzi yako uye tinoda kuita chimwe chinhu newe."
Muna 2001, Atkins akaburitsawo Legends, Vol. 1, album iri paOM label. Scripps Howard News Service munyori Richard Paton akataura kuti iyo albhamu "haivake pane zvakamboita kare, asi ichiri kusanganisa zvakafungwa seti". Atkins akaramba achitamba kumativi ese eAtlantic, achienda kuLos Angeles mukutanga kwe2000s.
Yakaratidzirwa zvakanyanya mu "Techno: Chipo cheDetroit kuNyika", kuratidzwa kwa2003 muDetroit. Muna 2005, akatamba kuNecto Club muAnn Arbor, Michigan, pedyo neBelleville.
Zvinofadza chokwadi nezveJuan Atkins uye techno
-Vatatu vane mukurumbira kubva kuDetroit kwenguva yakareba vaisakwanisa kutenga michina inodhura yekurekodha mimhanzi. Pasinei nekuti vakomana vese vakabva kumhuri dzakabudirira, kubva ku "arsenal" yese yezviridzwa zvekurekodha maingove nemakaseti uye tepi rekodha.
Chete mushure menguva yakati vakawana muchina wedhiramu, synthesizer uye ina-channel DJ console. Ndicho chikonzero nei munziyo dzavo wainzwa ruzha runopfuura mana rwakasiyana rwakaiswa pamusoro perimwe.
- Boka reGerman Kraftwerk ndiyo yekurudziro yepfungwa yeAtkins nevamwe vake. Boka racho rakatanga kugadzira uye rakasarudza kuita "coup". Vakapfeka semarobhoti, vakatora nhanho nemimhanzi "yehunyanzvi" yenguva iyoyo.
- Juan Atkins ane zita remadunhurirwa The Originator (piona, initiator), sezvo achinzi ndiye baba ve techno.
Iyo rekodhi kambani Metroplex ndeyaJuan Atkins.
