Panguva yakazvarwa Johann Strauss, mimhanzi yekutamba yemhando yepamusoro yaionekwa semhando yehupenzi. Nziyo dzakadaro dzaisekwa. Strauss akakwanisa kushandura kuziva kwevanhu. Muimbi ane tarenda, conductor uye muimbi nhasi anonzi "mambo we waltz". Uye kunyange mune yakakurumbira yeTV yakatevedzana yakavakirwa pane inoveli "The Master naMargarita" unogona kunzwa mimhanzi inonakidza yekuumbwa kwe "Spring Voices".
Johann Strauss: Childhood и youth
Kana tichitaura nezveStrauss, hazvizivikanwe kuti ndiani chaizvo watiri kutaura nezvake. Chokwadi ndechekuti Strauss idzinza rechokwadi revaimbi vane tarenda uye vaimbi. Johann akagara nhaka tarenda rake kubva kumukuru wemhuri.
Musoro wemhuri aiva tarenda reviolin uye conductor. Akaridzawo waltz zvinoyevedza. Kudzidzira kwake kwaiwanzoitwa kumba, uye akanga asingatombopikisani neidi rokuti vana vaiedza kutevedzera unyanzvi hwake hwokuimba.
Apo Johann akakura, baba vakasimba vakaona mumwanakomana wavo kwete pasi pebhangi. Akatorambidza Strauss Jr. kuita mimhanzi. Zvino kudzokorora kwese kwaiitwa muchivande kubva kumukuru wemhuri. Asi amai vangu vakakwanisa kusimbirira kuti vana vasununguke kuridza piyano uye kuimba mukwaya yechechi.
Murume wechidiki ane tarenda akadzidza kuridza violin kubva kuna Franz Amon pachake. Baba vacho vakanga vasingadi kuti mwanakomana wavo aende kunzvimbo yemimhanzi. Aida basa rakakomba kuna Strauss. Haana zvimwe zvaaigona kuita kunze kwekungobvuma zvaidiwa nababa vake. Nokukurumidza akava mudzidzi paPolytechnic School. Johann akawana dzidzo yezvoupfumi, iyo yakazobatsira.
Kuverenga
Pamusoro pemukurumbira, muimbi anoshuvira akagadzira maokestra akati wandei ainyatsoita nemakonzati muguta rake rekuzvarwa. Apedza kunyora rwiyo rumwe chete, akatamira kune imwe nzvimbo. Panguva imwe cheteyo akagutsa chishuwo cheveruzhinji chekunzwa kuita kwakanaka uye akawedzera mari yake.
Apo Johann akakudza unyanzvi hwake kusvika pamwero wenyanzvi, akazova mukwikwidzi akazara kuna baba vake. Mukuru wemhuri ainetsekana zvikuru pamusoro pezita rake zvokuti akaedza kuchengeta mwanakomana wake mukati memadziro mana nechisimba. Johann aitsigirwa naamai vake chete. Nekuda kwebasa raStrauss Jr., akarambana nemurume wake. Panguva iyoyo, vakanga vasisina mhuri yakazara, sezvo Strauss Sr. aigara mudzimba mbiri. Baba vakanyima vana vavo kodzero yekugara nhaka.
Baba nemwanakomana vakanga vasina maonero akafanana pakutorwa kwemaitiro echimurenga. Saka, musoro wemhuri pasina kuzeza yaive yeHabsburgs. Johann akanyora Kurume Kwevapanduki. Nhasi, kuumbwa kwakaunzwa kunozivikanwa kune vateveri vemimhanzi yekare se "Viennese Marseillaise". Apo kumukira kwakaparadzwa, Johann Muduku akamiswa pamberi pedare. Baba vakafara kutozosvikira vaona kuti vateereri vakanga vasangana navo zvisina tsarukano. Akanga asisiri muimbi ane mukurumbira. Vateereri vaida kuona Strauss muduku.
Zvinoshamisa kuti mushure mekufa kwababa vake, basa rekugadzira remunyori akakurumbira rakatanga kukura. Johann akaedza kusagumburwa nemusoro wemhuri. Akatsaurira nziyo dzinoverengeka kwaari.
Nzira yekugadzira uye mimhanzi yemunyori Johann Strauss
Kwapera gore pashure pokunge akura, Johann akawana orchestra yake, iyo yaakabudirira kutenderera nyika. Kuita kwekutanga kwevaimbi hakuna kuitika munzvimbo yakakodzera kwazvo yezvinyorwa zvekare. Imwe orchestra inotungamirwa naStrauss yakaitwa pakhasino. Zvakare, baba vaibatanidzwa pano, avo vakatora mukana wekubatana kwavo kuitira kuti mwanakomana wavo asawane nzvimbo dzekutamba dzakanaka. Akavharira kupinda kwake mumizinda yese nemasalon.
Chinzvimbo chaJohann chakavandudzika pashure porufu rwababa vake. Ipapo muimbi akabatanidza orchestra, akatotanga kuita muFranz Josef Palace. Aitungamirira boka revaimbi, vane vaimbi vairidza nechido ma<em>polka nemawaltze emhando yemhanzi wacho pachake. Dzimwe nguva aibvumira hupfumi hwekusika nhaka yaStrauss Sr. kuti iwedzere kune repertoire.
Mukurumbira waJohann wakawedzera. Akava mumwe wevaimbi vainyanya kukosha venguva iyoyo. Strauss akanga asina makaro mukurumbira. Akagovana mukurumbira wake nevakoma vake - Eduard naJosef. Akatarisa pakuti anozviona senyanzvi yakakurumbira, uye hama dzake dzinongova vaimbi vane tarenda.
Nenguva isipi, Johann Strauss aizivikanwa kwete chete munharaunda yake yeAustria. Nekuwedzera kwekuzivikanwa, yakafukidza kunyange mamwe masayiti munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasi. Muimbi ane orchestra yake yakaitwa muCzech Republic, Poland neRussia. Aive nechipo. Akanga asingade kuita nhamburiko huru panguva yekugadzira nziyo. Mimhanzi yakango "yerera kubva pachinyoreso chake."
Austrian munyori - muvambi Viennese waltz. Nziyo dzenziyo dzemumhanzi dzine sumo, 4-5 melodic zvivakwa uye mhedziso. Sezvineiwo, munyori ane mukurumbira akanyora anopfuura 150 brilliant waltzes. Hazvigoneki kurerutsa mupiro wake mukusimudzira mimhanzi yechinyakare.
Mabasa akanakisa
Nziyo dzinonyanya kufarirwa dzemaestro ane tarenda ndeye Tales kubva kuVienna Woods uye On the Beautiful Blue Danube. Zvinofadza kuti yekupedzisira kuumbwa kwainzi "The Blue Danube". Kekutanga rwiyo rwakarira paWorld Exhibition muguta guru reFrance. Nhasi, kuumbwa kunoonekwa seye unofficial anthem yeAustria.
Mukuwedzera, pakati pevakakurumbira Strauss waltzes "Voices of Spring". Mutambo wacho wakaitwa kekutanga paTheatre an der Wien. Chinhu chinonyanya kufadza ndechekuti Spring Voices waltz inogona kunzwika pazviitiko zvemazuva ano. Semuenzaniso, munyika dzeEurope, kuumbwa kunoteererwa panguva yekupemberera Gore Idzva.
Pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvisingafi, maestro nhasi anogadzira mabheti. Nziyo dzaStrauss hadzisi mimhanzi yezviitiko zvekushamwaridzana chete. Nyanzvi dzine chokwadi chekuti zvinyorwa zvake zvinofanirwa kutorwa semanyorerwo ekutanga emhando yepamusoro yehunyanzvi.
Mumakore ekuma1970, Johann akatanga kunyora operettas. Strauss akagadzira yakasiyana classical genre. Paiva nevanopfuura gumi vavo, uyewo ballet uye komiki opera. Iko rukudzo rukuru kune vakakwanisa uye vanotanga maartist kuita zvikamu kubva kuoperettas The Bat kana The Gypsy Baron.
Nenguva isipi munyori, muimbi uye kondakita akashanyira United States of America. Akakwanisa kuita makonzati gumi nemana. Mukuwedzera, akaisa rekodhi. Chokwadi ndechokuti Strauss akaitisa orchestra, iyo yaisanganisira 14 zviuru vaimbi. Rwendo urwu rwakamutorera kunyimwa kondirakiti uye chitsama chikuru chemari.
Hupenyu hwega hwemaestro Johann Strauss
Maestro akashanyira Russian Federation kakawanda nemakonzati ake. Ikoko ndiko kwaakasangana nemusikana akanaka, ainzi Olga Smirnitskaya. Muimbi akadanana naye ndokukumbira kumuroora. Vabereki vakapikisa mubatanidzwa uyu. Vakanga vasingadi kuti mwanasikana wavo abve munyika yavo. Strauss akatsaurira kuumbwa kwe "Farewell kuSt. Petersburg" kumuzi wake.
Apo maestro akaziva kuti mudiwa wake akanga achiroora, haana kukwanisa kuwana nzvimbo yake kwenguva refu. Strauss akawana rugare rwepfungwa mumaoko aHenrietta Chalupetskaya. Mukadzi uyu aive nebiography inonakidza. Akazvara vana vanomwe kubva kuvarume vakasiyana, nepo pasina kana mumwe wavo airemekedzwa kumutora semudzimai wepamutemo. Kuna Johann, akava museum. Muimbi wacho akakurudzirwa nekunaka kwemuimbi weopera.
Mukadzi wacho akabva afa. Strauss haana kuchema kwenguva refu. Haana kuzviremedza nechisungo chekutsungirira kuchema kwakatemwa uye akaroora Angelica Dietrich. Vaviri ava vakarambana makore mashanu gare gare.
Mudzimai wekupedzisira we maestro aive runako ainzi Adele Deutsch. Akafirwa nomurume uye akagara nhaka mari yakawanda. Nokuda kwomudzimai wake wechiJudha, shasha yakatochinja kutenda kwake. Sezvineiwo, haana kumbova nevana mune ipi neipi yewanano dzake.
Mushure mekufa kwaStrauss, mudzimai wekupedzisira akaedza kuita kuti chiyeuchidzo che maestro chirambe chiripo. Mumba maigara mhuri, chirikadzi yakagadzira museum. Ikoko munhu aigona kuona zviridzwa zvairidzwa nomunyori, kujairana netsika dzake uye kudzidza mamiriro ezvinhu ose.
Zvinofadza chokwadi nezve Strauss
- Akanyora zvinyorwa zvinopfuura 450.
- Akanyora rwiyo rwake rwekutanga "First Thought" pazera re6.
- Johann akanyora quadrille "Nikolai" mukukudza mambo weRussia.
- Zita remunyori rinosanganiswa namambo wewaltzes, chiratidzo chevechidiki vasina hanya uye rudo rwerudo.
- Kune zviyeuchidzo zveStrauss muAustralia, Russia nePavlovsk.
Makore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwemunyori
Strauss mumakore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake akaedza kunzvenga zviitiko zvevanhu. Airarama hupenyu husina kutsarukana. Panguva iyoyo, aigona kungoonekwa pane imwe konzati - mukukudza kusikwa operetta "The Bat". Zvakazoonekwa kuti iyi yaive sarudzo isiriyo. Pashure pekonzati, maestro akarwara.
Akapiwa chirwere chinoodza mwoyo chepneumonia. Akanga asina mukana wekurarama. Strauss akasiya nyika ino muna June 1899. Akavigwa muVienna Central Cemetery.
