Georgy Sviridov ndiye muvambi uye anotungamira mumiriri we "new folklore wave" maitiro ekutungamira. Akazvisiyanisa semunyori, muimbi uye munhu weruzhinji. Pamusoro pebasa rakareba rekugadzira, akagamuchira mibairo yakawanda yehurumende uye mibayiro, asi zvinonyanya kukosha, munguva yehupenyu hwake, tarenda raSviridov rakazivikanwa nevanoda mimhanzi.
Uduku uye makore vechidiki Georgy Sviridov
Zuva rekuzvarwa kwemunyori ndiDecember 16, 1915. Akaberekerwa mutaundi reruwa reFatezh. Vabereki vechifananidzo cheramangwana chemamiriyoni vakanga vasina chokuita nekugadzira. Mukuru wemhuri akazviona somushandi weposvo, uye amai vangu vakazviratidza somudzidzisi.
Amai vaGeorge vakaimba mu<em>kliros kubvira vachiri vadiki. Mukadzi akakwanisa kuisa mumwanakomana wake rudo rwekugadzira uye mimhanzi. Atova muhuduku, mukomana akatanga kufarira kuridza zviridzwa.
Nekutanga kwehondo yevagari vemo, mhuri yeSviridov yakarasikirwa nemuriritiri wayo. Kumutezo mumwe nomumwe wemhuri, kurasikirwa nehama yepedyo kwaiva kurasikirwa kwomunhu oga uye kunosuruvarisa zvikuru. Amai vakaramba vari mumaoko avo nevana vaviri. Mukutsvaga hupenyu huri nani, mukadzi anoenda kuKirov kune hama dzake dziri kure.
Pane imwe nguva amai vaGeorge vakapiwa piyano yeGermany kana kuti mombe somubhadharo wechidzidzo chacho. Mukadzi wacho aisafanira kufunga kwenguva refu - akasarudza sarudzo yekutanga. Amai Sviridova vagara vachiona kuti mwanakomana wavo ari kushingaira kufarira mimhanzi. Akanangidzira kugona kwake pakukura kwemwanakomana wake.
Chimwe chinhu chaifarirwa naGeorge kwaiva kunyora mabhuku. Aifarira basa revanyori veRussia nevekunze. Gare gare, jaya racho rakafarira kutamba balalaika uye kunyange kutamba nechiridzwa pane chimwe chezviitiko zvemhemberero.
Dzidzo yemimhanzi yemunyori Georgy Sviridov
Pakupera kwe20s yezana remakore rapfuura, Georgy akapinda muchikoro chemimhanzi muguta reKurs. Inonakidza uye ino ndiyo nguva. Pamubvunzo wekupinda, waifanira kutamba imwe mhando yekuumbwa kubva pane zvinyorwa. Sezvo Sviridov akanga asina humbozha hwakadaro, akangoridza waltz yemunyori.
Akabva adzidza nemudzidzisi ane tarenda M. Krutyansky. Mudzidzisi akazviona kuti pamberi pake paive negudo chairo. Akarayira jaya kuti aende kuLeningrad. Mune metropolis, akapinda mukoreji yemimhanzi. Mushure mechinguva, George akapinda munzira yaIsaya Braudo.
Akanga ari mumwe wevadzidzi vakabudirira zvikuru verukova. Apedza kudzidza, haana kumboshanda nesimba uye akashanda semuimbi wepiyano mune imwe bhaisikopo. Nenguva isipi Braudo akatendeukira kumutungamiriri wesangano redzidzo nechikumbiro chekuendesa George kune kosi yekunyora.
Tarenda yechidiki inopinda mukirasi yeM. Yudin. Pakati pe-30s, achiri kukwanisa kupinda muLeningrad Conservatory. Kwapera gore akanyoreswa muUnion of Composers.
Nzira yekugadzira yaGeorgy Sviridov
Makore ehondo yemunyori akapedzerwa mukudzingwa. Mumakore ekuma40 aigara munharaunda yeNovosibirsk. Akatamira kuguta pamwe chete nekuumbwa kweLeningrad Philharmonic. Akanyoreswa muPhilharmonic achangopedza kudzidza kubva kuConservatory. Pano munyori anonyora mabasa ezwi.
Pakati pe-50s yezana remakore rapfuura, Georgy akatendeukira kubasa raYesenin. Anopa nhetembo "In Memory of Sergei Yesenin" kune vateveri vebasa rake. Panguva imwecheteyo, anopa cantata kumashoko emumwe mudetembi wechiRussia - B. Pasternak. Muzhinji, akanyora akati wandei mamwe mabasa emimhanzi anobva munhetembo dzevadetembi vekune dzimwe nyika uye vekumba.
Akanyatsoshanda mumunda wenziyo. Mumakore makumi matanhatu, Sviridov akafadza vateveri vebasa rake nekutenderera kwekwaya uye symphony orchestra "Kursk Songs". Basa racho rinobva pane vanhu uye kwenguva refu-inodiwa motifs.
Mushure mekuedza kwaSviridov nemabasa evanhu veRussia, vanyori vakawanda veSoviet vakatarisa nziyo dzechiRussia muzvinyorwa zvavo. Makore akatevera akave akatowedzera zvibereko uye zviitiko kune maestro Georgy Sviridov.
Mumakore ekuma70 akanyora rimwe remabasa akakurumbira uye anozivikanwa erepertoire yake. Isu tiri kutaura nezve kuumbwa kwe "Snowstorm", iyo yaive yakavakirwa pabasa rePushkin.
Pafungu rekuzivikanwa, iyo yekutanga yenziyo "Nguva, Mberi!" yakaitika. Panguva iyoyo, vanenge vose vechikoro veSoviet vaiziva rwiyo urwu nemusoro. Basa rakanzwika mufirimu naMikhail Schweitzer
Georgy Sviridov: tsanangudzo yehupenyu hwemunyori
Upenyu hwehupenyu hwaSviridov hahuna kukura pakarepo. Murume akaroorwa katatu. Kubva kuvakadzi vakasiyana akaita vanakomana vaviri. Zvinozivikanwa kuti vanakomana veMaestro vakafa pamberi papapa ane mukurumbira.
Muimbi haana kutaura nezvekufa kwemwanakomana wake mukuru Sergei munguva yeupenyu hwake. Mushure mekufa kwemunyori, zvakazozivikanwa kuti mwanakomana mukuru akazvidira akafa. Panguva yekuzviuraya kwake, Sergei aingova nemakore 16 chete.
Mwanakomana wegotwe wemukurumbira ainzi Yuri. Aiwanzorwara uye aida kurapwa kunodhura. Mwanakomana wokupedzisira waGeorge akagara muJapan kwenguva yakati. Akafa vhiki asati afa Sviridov. Baba vaYuri havana kumboziva nezvekufa kwemwanakomana wavo wegotwe.
Zvinokosha kuziva kuti George haana kumbotaura nezvemichato yekutanga. Mubvunzurudzo, aive laconic. Zvinongozivikanwa kuti zita romukadzi wokutanga aiva Valentina Tokareva, uye akazviona ari basa rokusika.
Wechipiri mudzimai Aglaya Kornienko akashanda semutambi. Akanga ari mudiki zvikuru kuna George. Nokuda kwomukadzi uyu, akasiya mudzimai wake wokutanga nomwanakomana muduku. Mumuchato wechipiri akaberekwa mwanakomana Yuri.
Elza Gustavovna Sviridova ndiye wechitatu uye wokupedzisira mudzimai Sviridov. Aivewo mudiki pane maestro. Akanamata mukadzi uyu ndokumuti muroyi wake.
Kufa kwaGeorgy Sviridov
Akapedza makore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake ari kunze kweguta. Muimbi wacho aiita zvemimhanzi uye kubata hove. Akashaya muna Ndira 6, 1998.
