Georges Bizet muimbi weFrance anoremekedzwa uye muimbi. Akashanda munguva ye romanticism. Munguva yehupenyu hwake, mamwe emabasa e maestro akarambwa nevatsoropodzi vemimhanzi uye vanoyemura mimhanzi yekare. Anopfuura makore 100 achapfuura, uye zvaakasika zvichava zveunyanzvi chaihwo. Nhasi, nziyo dzaBizet dzisingafi dzinonzwika munzvimbo dzemitambo dzine mukurumbira pasi rose.
Hudiki nehudiki Georges Bizet
Akazvarwa muParis muna Gumiguru 25, 1838. Aive nemukana wese wekubatsira mukusimudzira mimhanzi. Mukomana uyu akakurira mumhuri yakangwara zvikuru. Mumhanzi waiwanzoridzwa mumba maBizet.
Amai vaGeorges vaive piano anoremekedzwa, uye mukoma wavo akanyorwa semumwe weakanakisa vadzidzisi vezwi. Kekutanga mushure mekuzvarwa kwemwanakomana wake, mukuru wemhuri akaronga bhizinesi diki rekutengesa wigs. Zvadaro, akatanga kudzidzisa mazwi, pasina dzidzo yepamusoro shure kwake.
Bizet aifarira mimhanzi. Kusiyana nevezera rake, mukomana wacho aida kudzidza. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, akave nyanzvi yemimhanzi, mushure mokunge amai vake vakasarudza kudzidzisa mwanakomana wavo kuridza piyano.
Ava nemakore matanhatu akaenda kuchikoro. Makirasi akapiwa kumukomana nyore nyore. Kunyanya, akaratidza kufarira kwechokwadi kuverenga uye mabhuku echinyakare.
Amai vacho pavakaona kuti kuverenga kwatanga kutsiva mimhanzi, vakadzora kuti Bizet aipedza kanenge maawa mashanu pazuva ari papiyano. Pazera remakore gumi, akapinda muParis Conservatory of Music. Georges haana kuodza mwoyo amai vake.
Akanga ane ndangariro dzinoshamisa nokunzwa. Kutenda kumatarenda ake, mukomana akabata mubayiro wake wekutanga mumaoko ake, izvo zvakamubvumira kutora zvidzidzo zvepachena kubva kuna Pierre Zimmermann. Makirasi ekutanga airatidza kuti Bizet aifarira kunyora nziyo.
Kugadzira nziyo dzakamubata zvachose. Munguva iyi yenguva, anonyora nezve gumi nemaviri mabasa. Maiwe, havagone kuverengerwa sevane hunyanzvi, asi ndivo vakaratidza munyori wechidiki kuti ndezvipi zvikanganiso zvaaifanira kugadzirisa.
Zvichienderana nemabasa ake ekunyora, akatanga kuridza chiridzwa mukirasi yaProfessor Francois Benois. Munguva iyi yenguva, akakwanisa kuhwina mimwe mibayiro ine mukurumbira.
Nzira yekugadzira uye mimhanzi yemunyori Georges Bizet
Munguva yezvidzidzo zvake, maestro akasika basa rake rokutanga rakanaka. Iyi ndiyo Symphony muC huru. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti nzanga yemazuva ano yakakwanisa kunakidzwa neruzha rwekuumbwa chete mu30s yezana ramakore rapfuura. Ipapo ndipo apo basa rakatorwa mudura renhoroondo yeParis Conservatory.
Vanhu vepanguva iyoyo vakajairana nebasa remunyori panguva yeanonzi makwikwi, ayo akarongwa nemutsa naJacques Offenbach. Vatori vechikamu chemakwikwi vakatarisana nebasa rakaoma - kunyora komedhi yemimhanzi umo vatambi vakati wandei vachabatanidzwa kamwechete. Pasinei nematambudziko acho, Bizet aiva nechimwe chinhu chokurwira. Jacques akavimbisa akakunda menduru yegoridhe, pamwe chete nemafranc anopfuura chiuru. Pachikuva, maestro akaratidzira operetta inosekesa "Doctor Miracle". Akava mukundi wemakwikwi.
Nguva shomanana ichapfuura, uye achatora chikamu mumakwikwi emimhanzi anotevera. Panguva ino, akapa kuruzhinji brilliant cantata Clovis naClotilde. Akagamuchira rubatsiro uye akaenderera mberi kwegore rose internship muRoma.
Georges muduku akafadzwa nerunako rweItaly. Mamiriro enzvimbo, nzvimbo dzinoshamisa uye runyararo rwakanga ruri muguta zvakamukurudzira kugadzira mabasa akati wandei. Munguva iyi yenguva, akaburitsa opera Don Procopio, pamwe neinopenya ode-symphony Vasco da Gamma.
Kuuya kumba
Mugore rechi60, akamanikidzwa kudzokera kunharaunda yeParis. Akanzwa mashoko kubva kunyika yaaigara kuti mai vake vairwara. Kwemakore mashomanana akatevera, akanga ari parumananzombe. Depression yakamubata. Munguva iyi yenguva, akatanga kunyora mabasa evaraidzo. Mukuwedzera, akapa zvidzidzo zvemimhanzi yega. Bizet haana kunyora mabasa akakomba, kubva maari kutenda kwake maari kwakapera zvishoma nezvishoma.
Nekuda kwekuti aive mubairo weRoma, basa rekunyora basa rinosetsa "Opera-Comic" rakawira pamapfudzi e maestro. Zvisinei, haana kukwanisa kuumba basa racho. Mugore rechi61, amai vake vakafa, uye gore rakatevera, mudzidzisi wake uye mudzidzisi. Zviitiko zvinosuruvarisa zvakatora simba rekupedzisira kubva kune maestro.
Akadzokera kwaari pachake makore mashomanana gare gare. Munguva ino yenguva, anogadzira maoperas The Pearl Seekers uye Runako rwePerth. Mabasa acho akagamuchirwa zvakanaka kwete chete nevanowanzoyemura ve classicism, asiwo nevatsoropodzi vemimhanzi.
The heyday of creativity
Bizet akavhurwa semunyori muma70s. Munguva iyi yenguva, iyo yekutanga yeJamila yakaitika panzvimbo yeakakurumbira Opera Comic Theatre. Vatsoropodzi vemimhanzi vakayemura motif dzechiArab uye kureruka kwese kwechidimbu. Makore akati wandei gare gare, akagadzira mimhanzi inoperekedza kumutambo waAlphonse Daudet The Arlesian. Maiwe, show yakakundikana.
Opera "Carmen" yakava musimboti webasa remaestro. Zvinofadza kuti munguva yehupenyu hwake, basa racho harina kuzivikanwa. Akaramba asingatarisirwi nevairarama naBizet. Kugadzirwa kwacho kwakashoropodzwa, kuchinzi kune unzenza uye kusabatsira. Asi, neimwe nzira, opera yakaitwa kanopfuura ka40. Vatambi vakatarisa mutambo wacho nekuda kwekuda kuziva, sezvo maestro akafa panguva iyi.
Bourgeois voruzhinji havana kugamuchira basa racho, vachipomera maestro younzenza, uye vatsoropodzi vemimhanzi yeguta guru reFrance vakaseka nokunyomba. “Chokwadi chakadini! Asi imhaka yakadini!
Nehurombo, munyori uye muimbi haana kurarama kwenguva refu kusati kwazivikanwa kwezvisikwa zvake zvinopenya. Kwapera gore, basa racho rakarumbidzwa nevanyori vairemekedzwa, asi Bizet haana kuita rombo rakanaka rokunzwa zvavakanyatsotaura nezve opera yaakasika.
Tsanangudzo yehupenyu hwehupenyu hwaGeorges Bizet
Bizet aive akabudirira neakanaka pabonde. Rudo rwekutanga rwemunyori aive anoyevedza wekuItaly ainzi Giuseppa. Ukama hauna kukura nekuda kwekuti maestro akabva kuItari, uye musikana wacho aisada kuenda nemudiwa wake.
Pane imwe nguva, akafarira mukadzi aizivikanwa munharaunda saMadame Mogador. Bizet haana kutya nenyaya yekuti mukadzi uyu aive mukuru pane munyori. Mukuwedzera, Madame Mogador aive nemukurumbira unonyadzisa munharaunda. Bizet haana kufara nemukadzi uyu, asi kwenguva yakareba haana kukwanisa kusarudza kumusiya. Naiye, akatambura nokuchinja-chinja kwezvinyamusi. Apo ukama uhwu hwakapera, fungu rokuora mwoyo rakamuputira.
Akawana mufaro wechokwadi wechirume nemwanasikana wemudzidzisi wake Fromental Halévy, Genevieve. Sezvineiwo vabereki vemusikana uyu vaipesana nemuchato uyu. Vakaedza nepavaigona napo kuti vadzivise mwanasikana wavo kuti aroorwe nevarombo vaGeorge. Rudo rwakava nesimba, uye vaviri vacho vakaroorana.
Munguva yeHondo yeFranco-Prussian, akanyorerwa muVarindi, asi akakurumidza kuburitswa nekuti aive Mudzidzi weRoma. Pashure paizvozvo, akatora mudzimai wake uye akatamira kunharaunda Paris.
Mumuchato uyu, vaviri vacho vaiva nemwanakomana. Paive nerunyerekupe rwekuti Bizet aivewo nenhaka kubva kumusikana webasa. Mushure mekusimbiswa kwerunyerekupe rwemwana wekubereka, mudzimai akatsamwira murume wake, ndokutanga kudanana nemumwe munyori weko. Georges aiziva nezvazvo, uye ainetseka zvikuru kuti mudzimai wake aisazomusiya.
Zvinofadza chokwadi pamusoro pemunyori
- Alexandre Cesar Leopold Bizet ndiro zita rechokwadi remunyori mukuru.
- Akashanda semutsoropodzi. Pane imwe nguva akapiwa chinzvimbo chepamusoro mune chimwe chezvinyorwa zveFrench zvakakurumbira.
- Georges aive shasha yekuridza piyano. Unyanzvi hwake hwakafadza kwete vataridziwo zvavo, asiwo vadzidzisi vemimhanzi vane ruzivo. Bizet ainzi virtuoso kubva kuna Mwari.
- Zita remaestro rakakanganwa kwemakore mazhinji. Kufarira basa romunyori kwakamuka muzana remakore rechi20 chete, zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga kududzwa kakawanda.
- Haana kuwana vadzidzi uye haana kuva muvambi wenzira itsva yemimhanzi.
Makore Ekupedzisira eGeorges Bizet
Rufu rwemaestro makuru rwakafukidzwa nezvakavanzika uye zvakavanzika. Akanga aenda kubva munharaunda yeBougival. Iye nemhuri yake vakaenda ikoko kuzororo rechirimo. Mhuri iyi, pamwe chete nemusikana webasa, vaigara muimba youmbozha ine nhurikidzwa mbiri.
Muna May, akarwara, asi izvi hazvina kutadzisa murume wacho kuenda netsoka kune imwe yenzizi pakupera kwechirimo cha75. Aifarira kushambira. Pasinei nokuti mudzimai wacho akaomerera pakuti murume wake haafaniri kushambira, haana kumuteerera.
Zuva rakatevera, rheumatism yake nefivha zvakawedzera. Kwapera zuva, akanga asingachanzwi nhengo dzake. Kwapera zuva, Bizet akabatwa nechirwere chemoyo. Chiremba akasvika pamba pemunyori akaita zvose zvaaigona kuti aponese upenyu hwake, asi hazvina kuita kuti anzwe zviri nani. Akapedza zuva rakatevera achifenda. Akafa musi waJune 3, 1875. Chikonzero cherufu rwemaestro chaive kuomarara kwemoyo.
Shamwari yepedyo payakaziva nezvedambudziko racho, yakabva yangouya kumhuri yacho. Akawana maronda akachekwa pamutsipa wemunyori. Akataura kuti chikonzero cherufu chaigona kuva kuponda. Uyezve, pedyo naye ndiye aida kuti afe, kureva mudiwa wemudzimai wake - Delaborde. Sezvineiwo, mushure memariro, Delaborde akaita nhamburiko dzinoverengeka dzisina kubudirira kuroora chirikadzi yaMaestro, asi akamuramba.
Vanyori venhoroondo yehupenyu vanoti chimwe chinogona kukonzera kufa kwemutambi uyu kuedza kuzviuraya mushure mekuratidzwa kweopera isina kubudirira Carmen. Maererano navo, munyori akaedza kuzvifira ega. Izvi zvinotsanangura kuvapo kwemavara akachekwa pamutsipa.
