Muimbi Carl Maria von Weber akagara nhaka yerudo rwake rwekusika kubva kumusoro wemhuri, achiwedzera ichi chishuwo chehupenyu. Nhasi vanotaura nezvake sa "baba" veGerman folk-national opera.
Akakwanisa kugadzira hwaro hwekuvandudza romanticism mumimhanzi. Mukuwedzera, akaita mupiro usingarambiki mukusimudzira opera muGermany. Aiyemurwa nevanyori, vaimbi uye vanoyemura mimhanzi yekirasi.
Makore ehudiki emunyori
Muimbi ane hunyanzvi akazvarwa muna Zvita 18, 1786. Weber akaberekwa kubva kumukadzi wechipiri wababa vake. Mhuri huru yakarera vana gumi. Musoro wemhuri wakashanda mumauto evacheche, asi izvi hazvina kumutadzisa kuvhura mwoyo wake kumumhanzi.
Nenguva isipi, baba vake vakatosiya nzvimbo inobhadharwa zvikuru ndokuenda kunoshanda semukuru webhendi mune imwe nzvimbo yemitambo yemitambo. Akatenderera nyika zvakanyanya, uye akawana mufaro chaiwo kubva pane zvaakaita. Haana kumbozvidemba kuti akachinja zvikuru basa rake.
Nyika yekwaWeber idhorobha diki asi rakanaka reEitin. Uduku hwomukomana hwakapfuura ne "masutukesi". Sezvo baba vake vakatenderera muGermany yose, Weber aiva nemukana unoshamisa - kufamba nemubereki wake.
Musoro wemhuri paakaona nemakaro aiedza mwanakomana wake kudzidza zviridzwa zvemimhanzi, akahaya vadzidzisi vakanakisisa muGermany kuti vadzidzise vana vake. Kubva panguva iyoyo zvichienda mberi, zita reWeber rakabatana zvisingaite nemimhanzi.
Dambudziko rakagogodza mumba maWebers. Amai vakafa. Zvino matambudziko ese ekurera vana akawira pana baba. Mukuru wemhuri akanga asingadi kuti mwanakomana wake avhiringidze zvidzidzo zvake zvemimhanzi. Mushure mekufa kwemudzimai wake, iye, nemwanakomana wake, vakatamira kune hanzvadzi yake muMunich.
Makore ehuduku
Karl akaramba achikwenenzvera hunyanzvi hwake. Basa rake rakanga risiri pasina, sezvo pazera ramakore gumi mukomana wacho akaratidza mano ake okuumba. Nenguva isipi mabasa akazara emudiki maestro akaburitswa. Basa rekutanga raCarlo rainzi "Simba reRudo newaini." Maiwe, basa raunzwa harinakirwe nekuti rarasika.
Pakupera kwezana remakore, kuratidzwa kweiyo opera inoyevedza "Forest Glade" yakaitika. Panguva iyi anofamba zvakawanda. Kugara muSalzburg, anotora zvidzidzo kubva kuna Michael Haydn. Mudzidzisi aive netarisiro huru kuwadhi yake. Akaroverera kutenda mumuimbi muduku zvokuti akagara pasi kuti anyore rimwe basa.
Tiri kutaura nezve opera "Peter Schmol nevavakidzani vake". Weber aitarisira kuti basa rake raizoitwa mune imwe nzvimbo yemitambo. Asi, kwete mumwedzi, kwete maviri, mamiriro acho haana kugadziriswa. Karl haana kuzomirirazve chishamiso. Pamwe chete nomusoro wemhuri, akaenda rwendo rurefu, umo akafadza vateereri nokuridza piyano kwake kunofadza.
Nokukurumidza akatamira kunharaunda yakaisvonaka Vienna. Munzvimbo itsva, Karl akadzidziswa nemumwe mudzidzisi anonzi Vogler. Akapedza gore chairo paWeber, uye ipapo, pakurumbidza kwake, munyori wechidiki uye muimbi akagamuchirwa semukuru weimba yekunamatira kuimba yeopera.
Basa rekugadzira uye mimhanzi yemunyori Carl Maria von Weber
Akatanga basa rake reunyanzvi mukati memadziro eimba yemitambo muBreslau uyezve muPrague. Yaiva pano iyo tarenda yaWeber yakaratidzwa zvizere. Pasinei nezera rake, Carl akanga ari mudzidzisi ane unyanzvi. Mukuwedzera, akakwanisa kuzviratidza semushanduri wemitambo yemimhanzi uye yemitambo.
Vaimbi vakaona Weber semuperekedzi uye mutungamiri. Mafungiro ake nezvikumbiro zvaiteererwa nguva dzose. Somuenzaniso, akambotaura pfungwa nzira zvakarurama kuisa vaimbi vari orchestra. Nhengo dzeboka racho dzakaita maererano nechikumbiro chake. Gare gare ivo vanozonzwisisa kuti kuchinjazve kwakabatsira zvakadii boka racho. Mushure meizvi, mimhanzi yakatanga kudururira munzeve dzevanhu inotapira kupfuura uchi.
Akapindira zvine mutsindo mukati mekudzidzira. Vaimbi vane ruzivo vaive vasina chokwadi nezve hunyanzvi hwaKarl. Zvisinei, vazhinji vavo vakanga vasina zvokuita kunze kwokuteerera maestro. Akanga asina hunhu, saka akasarudza kusamira pamhemberero nemawadhi ake.
Upenyu muBreslau hwakaguma husina kutapira. Weber aishaya mari zvakanyanya kuti avepo. Akapinda muzvikwereti zvikuru, uye pashure pokunge pasisina chokudzorera, akangotiza achishanya.
Pasina nguva mhanza yakanyemwerera yakamutarisa. Weber akapihwa chinzvimbo chemutungamiriri weKarlruhe castle muDuchy yeWürttemberg. Apa airatidza mano ake ekuumba. Carl anoburitsa akati wandei esymphonies uye concertinos yehwamanda.
Akabva apiwa mukana wekuva munyori weDuke. Akaverenga pachiyero chakanaka, asi pakupedzisira, ichi chinzvimbo chakamupinza muchikwereti chakatowanda. Weber akadzingwa kubva kuWürttemberg.
Akaramba achidzungaira nenyika. MuFrankfurt yakaisvonaka, kurongwa kwebasa rake kwakangoitwa. Tiri kutaura nezve opera "Sylvanas". Munenge guta rose rakashanyirwa naWagner, kubudirira uye kuzivikanwa zvakamumirira. Karl, uyo akangoerekana azviwana ari pakakwirira pakuzivikanwa, haana kunakidzwa nemanzwiro aya anoshamisa kwenguva refu. Nenguva isipi akarwara nechirwere chepamusoro chekufema. Gore negore mamiriro enyanzvi akawedzera kuipa.
Tsanangudzo yehupenyu hwemunhu maestro Carl Maria von Weber
Karl Weber aive moyo chaiwo. Murume akakunda mwoyo yevakadzi nyore nyore, saka nhamba yezvinyorwa zvake haigone kuverengwa paminwe. Asi mukadzi mumwe chete akakwanisa kutora nzvimbo muupenyu hwake.
Carolina Brandt (ndiro raiva zita remudiwa Weber) akabva afarira murume wacho. Vechidiki vakasangana panguva yekugadzirwa kweOpera Silvana. Akanaka Carolina akaita chikamu chikuru. Pfungwa dzechic Brandt dzakazadza pfungwa dzese dzaKarl. Achifemerwa nezvitsva zvitsva, akatanga kunyora akati wandei emimhanzi. Weber paakaenda kushanya, Carolina akaverengerwa semunhu anoperekedza.
Iyo novel yaive isina drama. Karl Weber akanga ari murume ane mukurumbira, uye, chokwadika, akanga ari mukudiwa pakati pevatano vakanaka. Muimbi wacho haana kukwanisa kukunda muedzo wokupedza usiku netsvarakadenga. Akabiridzira Carolina, uye aiziva nezvese kupandukira kwemuimbi.
Vakaparadzana ndokuzonetsana. Paive nekubatana pakati pevadiwa, izvo zvakabatsira kutora makiyi emoyo zvakadaro, ndokuenda kunoyananisa. Mukati memari yakatevera, Weber akarwara zvikuru. Akaendeswa kunorapwa kune rimwe guta. Karolina akawana kero yechipatara, uye akatumira tsamba kuna Karl. Iyi yaive imwe nzira yekuvandudza hukama.
Muna 1816, Karl akasarudza chiito chakakomba. Akapa Carolina ruoko nemoyo. Chiitiko ichi chakataurwa munzanga yepamusoro. Vazhinji vakatarisa kukura kwenyaya yerudo.
Ichi chiitiko chakafuridzira maestro kugadzira akati wandei mamwe mabasa akanaka. Mweya wake waive wakazadzwa nemanzwiro anodziya akakurudzira muimbi kuti aenderere mberi.
Kwapera gore mushure mekubatana, iyo yakanaka Carolina uye ane tarenda Weber vakaroora. Ipapo mhuri yakagara muDresden. Gare gare zvakazozivikanwa kuti mudzimai wemuimbi ari kutarisira mwana. Zvinosuruvarisa, musikana achangoberekwa akafa achiri mucheche. Munguva iyi yenguva, hutano hwaWeber hwakadzikira zvakanyanya.
Carolina akakwanisa kubereka vana kubva maestro. Weber akafara zvikuru. Akapa vana mazita anowirirana nerake neremukadzi wake. Vakaona vakati Karl aifara mumuchato uyu.
Zvinofadza chokwadi nezve maestro Carl Maria von Weber
- Piyano ndicho chiridzwa chekutanga chakakunda Weber.
- Akanga asina mukurumbira chete semunyori ane hunyanzvi, kondakita uye muimbi. Akava nemukurumbira senyanzvi uye munyori ane tarenda. Runyerekupe rune kuti Karl haana kutora - akaita zvese nenzira yakanakisa.
- Paakanga achitova noukuru munzanga, akatora nzvimbo yomutsoropodzi. Akanyora ongororo dzakadzama dzemabasa enziyo ane simba panguva iyoyo. Haana skimp pakutsoropodza maererano nevakwikwidzi vake. Kunyanya, aivenga Rossini, achimuti murashiki.
- Mimhanzi yaKarl yakakonzera kuumbwa kwemimhanzi yaLiszt naBerlioz.
- Basa rake rakava nesimba guru mukusimudzira zvose zviri zviviri mimhanzi yezwi uye yezviridzwa.
- Runyerekupe rwunoti aive munhu akashata. Karl akati aive shasha chaiyo.
- Zvinenge zvese zvisikwa zvaKarl zvakazadzwa netsika dzerudzi rwenyika yake yekuzvarwa.
Rufu rwaMaestro Carl Maria von Weber
Muna 1817 akatora chigaro chemukuru wekwaya yeimba yeopera muDresden. Mafungiro ake ekurwa akarasika, nekuti ipapo chimiro cheItaly chakafambira mberi mu opera. Asi, Karl akanga asiri kuzokanda mapfumo pasi. Akaita zvese kuti aise tsika dzechiGerman mu opera. Akakwanisa kuunganidza boka idzva uye kutanga hupenyu kubva pakutanga muDresden theatre.
Iyi nguva yenguva yakakurumbira nokuda kwekugadzirwa kwepamusoro kwemaestro. Akanyora maopera anoyevedza kwazvo panguva ino muDresden. Tiri kutaura nezvemabasa: "Free shooter", "Three Pintos", "Euryant". Karl akanyanya kutaurwa nezvake nechido chikuru. Pakarepo, akanga adzoka muchiedza.
Muna 1826 akapa basa "Oberon". Gare gare zvakazoitika kuti akafuridzirwa kunyora opera chete nekuverenga uye hapana chimwezve. Munyori akanzwisisa kuti akanga achirarama mwedzi yake yekupedzisira. Aida kusiya mhuri yake imwe mari kuti araramewo zvake.
Musi wa1 Kubvumbi, opera nyowani yaWeber yakatanga kuLondon's Covent Garden. Karl haana kunzwa zvakanaka, asi pasinei neizvi, vateereri vakamumanikidza kuenda pachikuva kuti amutende nokuda kwebasa rake rakakodzera. Akafa musi waJune 5, 1826. Akafira muLondon.
