Bill Withers muimbi weAmerican soul, munyori wenziyo uye mutambi. Akanakidzwa nemukurumbira mukuru muma1970 nema1980, apo nziyo dzake dzaigona kunzwika munenge makona ese epasi. Uye nhasi (mushure mekufa kwemuimbi ane mukurumbira mutema), anoramba achionekwa seimwe yenyeredzi dzenyika. Withers inoramba iri chifananidzo chemamiriyoni evateveri vemimhanzi yeAfrica America, kunyanya mweya.
Makore ekutanga eBill Anosvava
Ngano yeramangwana yemweya blues yakazvarwa muna 1938 mutaundi diki remigodhi reSlab Fork (West Virginia). Akanga ari gotwe mumhuri huru, uko, kunze kwaBill, kwakanga kune dzimwe hama nehanzvadzi 5.
Amai vemukomana, Mattie Galloway, vaishanda semusikana, uye baba vake, William Users, vakashanda pamberi pemumwe wemigodhi yeko. Makore matatu mushure mokuberekwa kwaBilly, vabereki vake vakarambana, uye mukomana akaramba ari mukurerwa kwaamai vake. Mukutsvaga hupenyu huri nani, vakatamira kuguta reBeckley, kwaakapedza achiri muduku.
Munguva yehuduku hwake, Withers akanga asina kumbosiyana nemamiriyoni evezera rake vatema vaigara muUnited States. Chinhu chake chete chaiva stutter yakasimba, iyo mukomana akatambura kubva pakuberekwa. Sokuyeuka kwakaita muimbi wacho, ainetsekana zvikuru nedambudziko rake rokutaura.
Pazera remakore 12, akafirwa nababa vake, izvo zvakatowedzera kuipa zvikuru mamiriro ezvinhu emhuri huru. Baba vaigara vachitumira imwe mari yavaitambira kumudzimai wavo kuti vachengete vana.
Vechidiki venguva yemberi nyeredzi Bill Withers
Vechidiki vaBilly vakawira panguva dzemhirizhonga dzesangano reNegro (muma1950 muAmerica) nekuda kwekodzero dzavo dzevanhu. Zvisinei, jaya racho harina kukwezvwa nemabasa ezvemagariro evanhu uye ezvematongerwo enyika akazadza guta rake reBeckley.
Afadzwa nerudo rwemugungwa, muna 1955 akasaina basa rechiuto muUS Navy, kwaakapedza makore 9. Apa ndipo paakatanga kufarira mimhanzi, kekutanga akaedza kunyora nziyo dzake. Chimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru zvezvidzidzo zvake zvezwi kwaive kukwanisa kukanganwa nezve stutter yake kwechinguva.
Kutanga kwebasa remuimbi Bill Withers
Muna 1965, Withers ane makore 26 akasiya Navy uye akasarudza kutanga hupenyu hwehurumende. Pakutanga, haana kumbofunga nezvebasa remimhanzi senzira huru yehupenyu. Muna 1967, akatamira kunogara kuWest Coast, kuLos Angeles. Muguta iri, maererano neaichimbova mutyairi wengarava, zvakanga zviri nyore kwaari kuti agadzikane muupenyu. Mumwe mukomana mutema aishanda semugadziri wemagetsi pafekitari yendege yeDouglas Corporation. Hunyanzvi hwakawanikwa panguva yebasa muNavy hwakauya zvakanaka.
Pasinei nokuti Billy haana kutora mimhanzi zvakakomba, haana kuisiya zvachose. Uyezve, kuda kwake mimhanzi zvishoma nezvishoma kwakatora nguva yake yakawanda yekusununguka kubva kubasa. Nemari yakachengetwa, akarekodha makaseti edemo nenziyo dzeakaumba ake. Zvichienderana neizvi, aiita mumakirabhu ehusiku, kwaakagovera makaseti ane zvinyorwa zvemahara kumunhu wese.
Fortune akanyemwerera mutambi wechidiki uyu muna 1970. Zvino, mushure mekuona bhaisikopo reMazuva Ewaini naRoses, akanyora Ain't No Sunshine. Nekurova uku, kwakanyorwa pasi pesimba refirimu rinonakidza, Withers akawana mukurumbira wakawanda. Clarence Avant, muridzi weSussex Records yekurekodha situdiyo, akaita basa rakakosha mune ramangwana remutambi wekutanga.
Mushure mekuteerera kune imwe yekaseti yemuimbi asina kuzivikanwa mutema akauya kwaari netsaona, akabva aona kuti iyi yaive nyeredzi yeramangwana. Nenguva isipi, kondirakiti yakasainwa pakati paBill nekambani inorekodha kuti ibudise dambarefu rekutanga remuimbi, Justas I Am. Asi kunyange mushure mekutanga kushanda pamwe neSussex Records, iyo yakamuvimbisa purofiti yakakura, Bill haana kutya kusiya basa rake guru semuunganidzi pafekitari yendege. Aifunga zvine hungwaru kuti basa remimhanzi raive bhizinesi risingachinjike uye harigone kutsiva "basa chairo."
Mutambi ane mukurumbira pasi rose wemweya Bill Withers
Panguva imwe chete nekubatana neSussex Records, Bill akawana shamwari yake yemitambo yakasiyana-siyana uye kurekodha. Vakava T John Booker, uyo akaperekedza Bill pamakiibhodhi uye gitare paakarekodha dambarefu rake rekutanga.
Muna 1971, dzimwe nziyo mbiri dzakaburitswa senziyo dzakasiyana - Ain't No Sunshine naMbuya Maoko. Yekutanga yenziyo idzi yakafarirwa zvakanyanya nevatsoropodzi vemimhanzi nevateereri. Iyo imwechete yakatengesa anopfuura miriyoni makopi muUS chete. Akagamuchira mubairo weGrammy ane mukurumbira weBest R'n'B Hit yeGore.
Imwezve budiriro yaBilly Withers yaive imwe chete Lean On Me kubva Kuchiri Bill (1972). Kutengeswa kwerekodhi kwakapfuura mamirioni matatu emakopi, iyo hit yakakwira Billboard chati kwemavhiki akati wandei. Chimwe chinoratidza mukurumbira wenziyo "Lean on Me" - yakanzwika pakugadzwa kwevatungamiri vaviri veAmerica - B. Clinton naB. Obama.
Munguva yehuremu hwekoronavirus, vanhu vekuAmerica mukuzviparadzanisa nevamwe vakatanga mhomho yevanhu pavakaita Lean On Me online. Mwanasikana waPresident Trump, Ivanka, akanyora papeji yake ye Twitter panguva iyoyo: "Nhasi ndiyo nguva yakanakisisa yekuonga zvizere simba rerwiyo urwu."
Artist Achievements
Muna 1974, Withers, pamwe chete naJ. Brown naBB King, vakapa konzati muguta guru reZaire, yakarongerwa kuti ienderane nemusangano wenhoroondo murwiyo rwengano mbiri dzetsiva dzepasi rose, Mohammed Ali naJ. Foreman. Kurekodhwa kwekuita uku kwakaverengerwa mubhaisikopo Apo We were Kings, iro rakahwina Oscar muna 1996.
Kwapera gore, iyo Sussex Records label yakangoerekana yabhuroka, ikasara ine chikwereti kuna Withers chekutengesa marekodhi. Mushure meizvi, muimbi anomanikidzwa kufamba pasi pemapapiro eimwe rekodhi rekodhi, Columbia Records.
Mune iyi studio muna 1978, iyo inotevera albhamu yemweya star Menagerie yakanyorwa. Mukambo Lovely Day kubva padambarefu iri, Bill akaisa rekodhi kune vaimbi. Akabata chinyorwa chimwe chete kwemasekonzi gumi nemasere. Rekodhi iyi yakagadzwa chete muna 18 nemuimbi ari oga weboka re-a-ha.
Muna 1980, Withers akawana chimwe budiriro. Iyo yekurekodha studio Elektra Records yakaburitsa imwe chete Vaviri Vedu, nekuda kwekuti muimbi akapihwa wechipiri Grammy Award. Zvichakadaro, hukama neColumbia Records hwakanga huchidzikira.
Muimbi uyu akamupomera mhosva yekunonoka kunonoka basa pamaalbum matsva. Muunganidzwa unotevera wakabudiswa chete muna 1985 uye wakaratidzwa ne "kukundikana" kukuru, wakagamuchira maitiro asina kunaka kubva kune vatsoropodzi. Ipapo muimbi wemakore makumi mana nemanomwe akasarudza kusiya basa rake repop.
Hupenyu hwaBill Withers mushure mechikamu chikuru
Withers akachengeta shoko rake, uye haana kuzodzokera padanho guru. Asi zvimwe chetezvo hazvigoni kutaurwa pamusoro pezvaakasika. Nziyo dzemuimbi ane mukurumbira dziri kuramba dzichiitwa nhasi. Ivo vanosanganisirwa mune repertoire yenyeredzi dzepasi rose dzinoita jazz, mweya, uye kunyange mimhanzi yepop, ichipa nzvimbo yakafara kwazvo yekuvandudza kwekugadzira.
A documentary nezve Withers yakabudiswa muna 2009. Mariri, akaoneka pamberi pevateereri somunhu anofara. Maererano naye, haana kuzvidemba kubva pachikuva. Muna 2015, mukuremekedza makore makumi matatu ekubva kwake pachikuva, Withers akapinzwa muDombo uye Roll Hall yeMukurumbira.
Bill akaroora kaviri muhupenyu hwake. Muchato wekutanga mupfupi waive muna 1973 aine sitcom mutambi. Asi risingasviki gore gare gare, vaviri vacho vakaparadzana pashure pokunge mudzimai wechiduku apomera Withers nezvechisimba chomumba. Muimbi akaroora zvakare muna 1976. Mudzimai wake mutsva, Marcia, akamuberekera vana vaviri, mukomana, Todd, uye musikana, Corey. Mune ramangwana, iye, sevana, akava mubatsiri wepedyo weWers, achitora manejimendi edzimba dzekudhinda muLos Angeles.
Mutambi ane mukurumbira wekuAmerica akafa munaKurume 2020 kubva kuchirwere chemoyo. Rufu rwake rwakaziviswa kune veruzhinji mazuva mana gare gare. Withers akavigwa kuHollywood Hills Memorial Cemetery, pedyo neLos Angeles.
