Richard Wagner munhu akangwara. Panguva imwecheteyo, vazhinji vanovhiringidzika nekusanzwisisika kwemaestro. Kune rimwe divi, aive muimbi ane mukurumbira uye ane mukurumbira akaita basa rakakura mukusimudzira mimhanzi yenyika. Kune rumwe rutivi, biography yake yakanga yakasviba uye isina kunaka.
Maonero aWagner ezvematongerwo enyika aipesana nemitemo yevanhu. Nziyo dzemaestro dzakafarirwa zvakanyanya nevanofungidzira veNazi Germany. Kune vakawanda, Richard ave chiratidzo cherudzi. Akanga ari mushori mukuru wevaJudha.
Muimbi wacho akapinza mutinhimira wakareba uye nyaya dzinoshamisa muopera. Nhaka yakapfuma yaWagner inosimudzira kwete chete classical music fans, asiwo vaimbi vemazuva ano rock uye vanyori.
Ubwana uye huduku
Maestro akakurumbira akaberekwa musi waMay 22, 1813 munharaunda yeLeipzig ine mavara. Zvinofadza kuti panguva iyoyo vabereki vakanga vava kutorera vana vapfumbamwe.
Mushure mokuberekwa kwaRichard, kusuruvara kwakaitika mumhuri. Chokwadi ndechekuti musoro wemhuri wakafa netyphus. Vana vakarasikirwa nababa vavo mupfungwa zvikuru, izvo zvisingagoni kutaurwa nezvaamai vavo. Paiva nerunyerekupe rwekuti Richard haana kuberekwa kubva kumurume wepamutemo, asi kubva kune mudiwa, ainzi Ludwig Geyer.
Mwedzi mitatu pashure porufu rwake, chirikadzi yakaroora Geyer, uye akachengeta vana. Ludwig akapedza nguva yakawanda achirera mwana wake wokurera. Uyezve, ndiye akakurudzira kuumbwa kwekuravira kwake kwemimhanzi. Akatsigira Richard pakusarudza basa.
Kusvikira pakuyaruka, Wagner akapinda Chikoro cheSt. Yaive imwe yemasangano ekare ekubatsira vanhu mutaundi diki. Nehurombo, vakagamuchira ruzivo rwepakati ipapo, izvo zvakatsamwisa Wagner zvishoma.
Ipapo Richard akaziva kuti zivo yaakawana yakanga isina kukwana kunyora nziyo dzenziyo. Wechidiki akatora zvidzidzo kubva kuna Theodor Weinlig. Muna 1831 akapinda chikoro chepamusoro muguta rake.
Nzira yekugadzira yemunyori Richard Wagner
Maestro ane mukurumbira aive nemaopera gumi nemana. Zvizhinji zvezvisikwa zvave zvechinyakare. Pamusoro pezvo, akagadzira nziyo diki dzaisanganisira libretto dzema opera. Mabasa aWagner haakwanisi kuvhiringidzwa nemabasa emamwe maestros epanguva iyoyo. Akanyora pathos uye epic nziyo.
Veruzhinji vanoyemura vakanzwisisa mabasa ekutanga aWagner, nekudaro vachichaja munyori nesimba rinodiwa. Richard akagadzira uye akavandudza hunyanzvi hwake hwekuimba. Akanga ari wepakutanga uye asingaenzaniswi.
The Flying Dutchman ibasa rakaratidza kukura uye kukura kwemaestro. Mukunyorwa, munyori akaburitsa zvine hungwaru nyaya yechipoko chengarava. Basa rinotevera rinopenya "Tannhäuser" rakaudza vateereri nezvenyaya inosuruvarisa yerudo.
"Tristan naIsolde" chimwe chiratidzo chenyanzvi. Uyu ndiye anobata rekodhi kwenguva yenhamba yega yega. Richard akakwanisa kutaura zvine hungwaru nezvehukama hwevadikani vaviri kuburikidza neprism yemimhanzi.
Muimbi akagadzira nyaya yeRing of Power makore zana JR Tolkien asati asvika. Kutenderera "Ring of the Nibelung" kunotaurwa nevakawanda kune iyo inonzi "nguva yegoridhe" yebasa re maestro. Mune yechipiri opera yeValkyrie kutenderera, vateveri vanogona kunzwa imwe gem yemunyori werepertoire, Ride yeValkyries.
Hupenyu hwega hwemaestro Richard Wagner
Wagner akanga asina runako kana hunhu. Pasinei neizvi, akanga ari kudiwa pakati pepabonde rakanaka. Maestro aive nevakadzi vakawanda. Aikwanisa kuenda kunorara nemunhu waasingazivi, nokuti aiva nesimba munzanga. Muhupenyu hwaRichard maive nema serious relationship.
Mudzimai wekutanga wemuimbi ane mukurumbira ainzi Minna Planer. Vakawanda havana kunzwisisa kuti sei mukadzi akasarudza murume akadaro. Akanga akanaka, akapfuma uye akarerwa zvakanaka. Minna akashanda semutambi, saka aigara achitenderera. Pasinei neizvi, akakwanisa kuvaka dendere remhuri rinodziya.
Zvese zvakapinduka mushure mekumukira muna 1849. Ipapo maestro nomudzimai wake vakamanikidzwa kusiya taundi rokumusha kwavo. Vakatamira kuZurich. Ikoko akasangana nemudiwa mutsva, Matilda Wesendonck. Mukomana tsvarakadenga akaroorwa. Iye, pamwe chete nemurume wake, aifarira basa raWagner. Nenguva isipi murume wake Otto akapa Richard imba diki pedyo neimba yake.
Kwaiva kuziva kwake Matilda kwakamukurudzira kunyora nziyo "Siegfried" uye "Tristan". Musikana uyu aibatanidzwawo nekusika. Akanyora nhetembo uye prose. Hazvigone kutaurwa kuti paive nehukama hwepedyo pakati paMatilda naRichard. Asi vazhinji vanonyora nezvehupenyu vachiri kutevedzera pfungwa iyi.
Nyaya isina kujairika
Muna 1864, akatanga kunzwa kunodziya kwaCosima von Bulova. Mambo Ludwig II weBavaria akanga ari mutsigiri mukuru wemaestro ane mukurumbira. Mutongi wacho akamukumbira kushanyira Munich, uye akabvuma. Mambo ndiye aipa mari yezvirongwa zvose zvemunyori.
Richard akakoka kondakita Hans von Bülow kuimba yake yekuimba. Mudzimai waHans akatora nzvimbo yemunyori wemaestro. Kukwezva kwakavapo pakati paRichard naCosima. Pachivande kubva kumurume wepamutemo, vadikani vakasangana. Nenguva isipi Hans von Bülow akafumura rudo rwakavanzika.
Sezvineiwo, mukwanyina wepamutemo haana kuita chiitiko chegodo. Akanyora kutuka kuna mambo, uyo akasarudza kuita dot "e". Nzvimbo ye maestro, kutanga kune zvose, yakawedzera nokuti hurumende yakabhadhara basa rake rekusika, uye tsika dzeKaturike dzakatonga muBavaria. Mambo akarayira kuti vaviri ava vadzingwe kunharaunda yeSwitzerland.
Makore manomwe chete gare gare, Wagner naCosima vakagamuchira kurambana kwepamutemo kubva kune vakaroorana. Munguva iyi yenguva, mhuri yavo yakakura. Mukadzi wacho akabereka vanasikana vane mukurumbira maestro. Munguva iyi yenguva, Minna Wagner akafa nehosha yemwoyo. Uye Ludwig akasarudza kukwidza chisarudzo chake uye akakoka Richard kudare.
Muna 1870, muchato weCosima uye munyori wakaitika. Akazvipira kune maestro uye aive museum wake. Pamwe chete vakavaka imba yemitambo muBayreuth. Panguva imwecheteyo, vaviri vacho vakatanga kushanda pakugadzira kwavo kwekutanga kweRing yeNibelung.
Zvinofadza chokwadi pamusoro pemunyori
- Wagner akazviratidza semunyori. Akanyora zvinyorwa zvakawanda zveuzivi.
- Mazhinji emabasa ake aibva pazvirongwa zvengano nengano.
- Muimbi wacho akaronga mitambo yakawanda inopikisana nevaSemite uye akaita zvinyorwa.
- Aiona basa rake seimwe yenzira dzekuudza veruzhinji nezvepfungwa dzake dzehuzivi.
Richard Wagner: Makore Ekupedzisira eHupenyu Hwake
Muna 1882 munyori akatamira kunharaunda yeVenice. Yakanga iri chiyero chaidiwa. Utano hwamaestro hwakadzikira zvakanyanya, saka vanachiremba vakakurudzira kuchinja kwaaigara. Kwapera gore, zvakazivikanwa kuti Richard akanga afa. Honzeri yerufu yakanga iri hosha yemwoyo.
