Boka riri pasi pezita guru reREM rakaratidza nguva apo post-punk yakatanga kushanduka kuita rimwe dombo, track yavo Radio Free Europe (1981) yakatanga kufamba kusingaregi kweAmerican underground.
Nepo paive neakawanda emabhendi akaomarara uye epunk muUnited States mukutanga kwema1980, yaive R.E.M. yakapa indie pop subgenre yechipiri yehupenyu.
Kubatanidza gitare riffs uye kuimba kusinganzwisisike, bhendi racho rainzwika remazuva ano, asi panguva imwe chete raive rine mavambo echinyakare.
Vaimbi havana kuita hutsva hwakajeka, asi vaive vega uye vaine chinangwa. Ndiyo yakanga iri kiyi yekubudirira kwavo.
Mukati memakore ekuma1980, bhendi rakashanda nesimba, richibudisa zvinyorwa zvitsva gore negore uye richigara richishanya. Boka racho rakaita kwete chete pamatanho makuru, asiwo mumitambo yemitambo, uyewo mumaguta ane vanhu vashoma.
Madzibaba eAlternative Pop
Mukufanana, vaimbi vakakurudzira vamwe vavanoshanda navo. Kubva pajangle pop mabhendi epakati pema1980 kuenda kune mamwe mabhendi epop ema1990.
Zvakatora boka racho makore anoverengeka kuti risvike pamusoro pemachati. Vakawana chinzvimbo chavo chekunamata nekuburitswa kwekutanga kwavo EP Chronic Town muna 1982. Iyo albhamu yakavakirwa pakurira kwemimhanzi yechivanhu uye rock. Kusanganiswa uku kwakava inzwi reboka re "siginicha", uye kwemakore mashanu akatevera vaimbi vakashanda chaizvo nemhando idzi, vachiwedzera repertoire yavo nemabasa matsva.
Nenzira, rinenge basa rose reboka rakafarirwa zvikuru nevatsoropodzi. Pakupera kwema1980, nhamba yevateveri yakanga yatove yakakosha, izvo zvakavimbisa boka rekutengesa kwakanaka. Kunyangwe ruzha rwakashandurwa zvishoma haruna kumisa boka, uye muna 1987 "akatyora" machati ePamusoro Gumi nealbum Gwaro uye imwechete Iye Indinoda.
REM zvishoma nezvishoma asi zvirokwazvo yakava rimwe remabhendi anonyanya kutsvakwa munyika. Nekudaro, mushure mekushanya kwepasirese kwese kwekutsigira Green (1988), bhendi rakamisa kutamba kwavo kwemakore matanhatu. Vaimbi vakadzokera kuimba yekurekodha. Maalbum anonyanya kufarirwa Kunze Kwenguva (6) uye Otomatiki Yevanhu (1991) akagadzirwa.
Bhendi rakatangazve kushanya neMonster tour muna 1995. Vatsoropodzi nevamwe vaimbi vakaziva boka racho somumwe wevatangi verimwe sangano rinobudirira rerock.
Vaimbi vechidiki
Pasinei nokuti nhoroondo yekusikwa kweboka yakatanga muAthens (Georgia) muna 1980, Mike Mills naBill Berry ndivo chete vekumaodzanyemba muboka. Ivo vaviri vakapinda chikoro chesekondari muMacon, vachitamba mumabhendi akati wandei vachiri kuyaruka.
Michael Stipe (akaberekwa Ndira 4, 1960) aive mwanakomana wemauto, achifamba nenyika kubva achiri mudiki. Akawana punk rock achiri mudiki kuburikidza naPatti Smith, zvikwata zveTerevhizheni neWaya, uye akatanga kutamba mumabhendi ebutiro muSt.
Pakazosvika 1978, akatanga kudzidza art paYunivhesiti yeGeorgia kuAthens, kwaakatanga kuenda kuWuxtry rekodhi chitoro.
Peter Buck (akaberekwa Zvita 6, 1956), chizvarwa cheCalifornia, aive mabharani pachitoro chimwe chete cheWuxtry. Buck aive mutsigiri wekuunganidza rekodhi, aidya zvese kubva kudombo rekare kusvika punk kusvika jazz. Akanga achangotanga kudzidzira kuridza gitare.
Mushure mekuona kuti vaive nezvinodiwa zvakafanana, Buck naStipe vakatanga kushanda pamwechete, vakazosangana naBerry naMills kuburikidza neshamwari yepedyo. Muna Kubvumbi 1980, boka racho rakaungana kuti riitire shamwari yavo mabiko. Vakadzidzira muchechi yeEpiscopal yakavakwazve. Panguva iyoyo, vaimbi mune repertoire yavo vaive neakawanda garaji psychedelic tracks uye evhavha shanduro dzeakakurumbira nziyo dzepunk. Panguva iyoyo, bhendi rairidza pasi pezita rekuti Twisted Kites.
Pakazosvika zhizha, vaimbi vakasarudza zita rekuti REM pavakaona izwi iri muduramazwi netsaona. Vakasanganawo naJefferson Holt, maneja wavo. Holt akaona bhendi richitamba muNorth Carolina.
Debut rekodhi kubudirira kunoshamisa
Kwegore rakatevera nehafu, REM yakatenderera kumaodzanyemba kweUnited States yose. Makavha akasiyana-siyana ematombo emugaraji nenziyo dzerudzi rwerock dzakaridzwa. Muzhizha ra1981, vakomana vakarekodha yavo yekutanga yeRadio Free Europe paDrive Mit Easter Studios. Iyo imwe chete, yakanyorwa pane yemuno indie label Hib-Tone, yakaburitswa mumakopi chiuru chete. Zvizhinji zveizvi zvakarekodhwa zvakaguma mumaoko ekurudyi.
Vanhu vakagoverana kuyemura kwavo bhendi idzva. Single yacho yakabva yarova. Yakaisa pamusoro rondedzero yeAkanakisa Akazvimiririra Singles ("Best Independent Singles").
Rwiyo urwu rwakakwezvawo kutarisisa kwemavara makuru akazvimirira, uye mukutanga kwa1982 bhendi rakasaina kondirakiti neiyo IRS label. Muchirimo, iyo label yakaburitsa EP Chronic Town.
Kufanana neyekutanga single, Chronic Town yakagamuchirwa zvakanaka, ichigadzira nzira yeMurmur's full-length debut album (1983).
Kugunun'una kwaive kwakasiyana zvakanyanya neChronic Town nekuda kwenzvimbo yaro inozorodza, isingaonekwi, saka kuburitswa kwayo kwechirimo kwakasangana neongororo yerave.
Magazini yeRolling Stone yakaitumidza kuti album yakanakisa muna 1983. Boka "rakasvetuka" Michael Jackson nerwiyo Thriller uye Mapurisa nerwiyo Synchronicity. Kugunun'una kwakapindawo muUS Top 40 chati.
REM mania
Bhendi rakadzokera kune ruzha rwakaoma muna 1984 neReckoning, iyo yaive nehit So. Mvura Yepakati (Ndine urombo). Gare gare, vaimbi vakaenda kushanya kunosimudzira Reckoning album.
Siginicha yavo maficha, akadai se: kusada mavhidhiyo, Stipe's mumbling vocals, Buck's unique game, akavaita ngano dzeAmerican underground.
Mapoka aitevedzera boka reREM akapararira mukondinendi yese yeAmerica. Chikwata pachacho chakapa tsigiro kumapoka aya, chichivakoka kushoo uye kuvataura mubvunzurudzo.
Dambarefu rechitatu reboka
Ruzha rweREM rwaidzorwa nekubuda mumimhanzi yepasi pevhu. Bhendi rakafunga kusimbisa mukurumbira wavo nerwiyo rwechitatu, Fables of the Reconstruction (1985).
Dambarefu iri, rakanyorwa muLondon nemugadziri Joe Boyd, rakagadzirwa panguva yakaoma munhoroondo yeREM. The album yairatidza kusviba kweboka.
Maitiro aStipe padariro agara akati shamisa. Akapinda muchikamu chake chaishamisa. Akawedzera uremu, akadhayiwa bvudzi rake jena uye akapfeka mbatya dzisingaverengeki. Asi kana mweya wakasviba wenziyo, kana zvisizvo zveStipe zvakadzivirira iyo album kubva pakurova. Makopi anosvika zviuru mazana matatu akatengeswa muUSA.
Kwapera chinguva, bhendi rakafunga kutanga kushandira pamwe naDon Gehman. Pamwe chete vakarekodha album Lifes Rich Pageant. Iri basa, semamwe ose apfuura, rakasangana neongororo dzinoyemurika, dzave kujairana neboka reREM.
Album Gwaro
Dambarefu rechishanu reboka iri, Gwaro, rakazorova mushure mekuburitswa muna 1987. Basa rakapinda pamusoro pegumi muUS uye rakawana chinzvimbo che "platinum" nekuda kweiyo imwechete yandinoda. Uyezve, iyo rekodhi yakanga isinganyanyi kufarirwa muBritain, uye nhasi iri muPamusoro 10 runyorwa.
Iyo album Green yakaenderera mberi kubudirira kweyakatangira, ichienda kaviri platinum. Chikwata chakatanga kutenderera chichitsigira dambarefu iri. Zvisinei, mitambo yakazove ichinetesa vaimbi, saka vakomana vakatora sabata.
Muna 1990, vaimbi vakaungana zvakare kurekodha dambarefu ravo rechinomwe, Out of Time, iro rakaburitswa muchirimo cha1991.
Mukupera kwa1992, kwakaburitswa rwiyo rutsva rwekusuwa rwekufungisisa Automatic for the People. Kunyange zvazvo boka racho rakavimbisa kurekodha rwiyo rwedombo, rekodhi yacho yainonoka uye yakanyarara. Dzakawanda dzenziyo dzairatidza tambo kuronga naLed Zeppelin mutambi webhesi Paul Jones.
Dzokera padombo
Sezvakavimbiswa, vaimbi vakadzokera kumumhanzi werock nealbum Monster (1994). Iyo rekodhi yaive mega-yakakurumbira, ichipfuura ese angangoita machati muUS neBritain.
Bhendi rakaenda kushanya zvakare, asi Bill Berry akarwara nehuropi aneurysm mwedzi miviri gare gare. Rwendo rwakamiswa, Berry akavhiyiwa, uye mukati memwedzi akanga ari pamakumbo ake.
Zvisinei, Berry's aneurysm yaingova mavambo ematambudziko. Mills aifanira kuvhiyiwa mudumbu. Akabviswa bundu remuura muna Chikunguru wegore iroro. Kwapera mwedzi, Stipe akavhiyiwa nechimbichimbi nokuda kwehernia.
Pasinei nematambudziko ose, rwendo rwacho rwakabudirira zvikuru mune zvemari. Boka rakarekodha chikamu chikuru chealbum idzva.
Iyo albhamu New Adventures muHi-Fi yakaburitswa munaGunyana 1996. Nguva pfupi isati yaziviswa kuti bhendi rakanga rasaina naWarner Bros. kune rekodhi $80 miriyoni.
Nekuda kwenhamba yakakura kudaro, "kutadza" kwekutengesa kweNew Adventures muHi-Fi kwaishamisa.
Kuenda kwaBerry uye kuenderera mberi nebasa
Muna Gumiguru 1997, vaimbi vakavhundutsa "vateveri" uye vezvenhau - vakazivisa kuti Berry ari kusiya boka. Sekutaura kwake, aida kusiya basa ogara papurazi rake.
Iyo albhamu Reveal (2001) yakaratidza kudzoka kune yavo yekare ruzha. Muna 2005, kushanya kwenyika kweboka kwakaitika. REM yakapinzwa muDombo uye Roll Hall yeMukurumbira muna 2007. Akabva atanga kushanda pane rake rinotevera album, Accelerate, iyo yakabudiswa muna 2008.
Chikwata chakasaina neConcord Bicycle label kuti vagovane marekodhi avo muna 2015. Mhedzisiro yekutanga yemubatanidzwa uyu yakaonekwa muna 2016, pakaburitswa 25th anniversary edition yeOut of Time muna Mbudzi.
