Sezvo amuka muzuva 1987, mumhepo, chigamba muchikoro chesekondari uye pamberi pezvese, muimbi weAmerica Nirvana, iyo Lget yaive munzira.
Kusvika nhasi, kurova kweichi chikwata cheAmerican chikwata chinofarirwa nepasi rose. Aidiwa uye achivengwa, asi hapana asina hanya nebasa rake.
Nirvana inotanga
Kurt Cobain naKrist Novoselic, vachidzidza muchikoro chesekondari, kwenguva yakareba vakasindimara havana kuonana uye vakava shamwari, vachienda kune rimwe boka rekudzidzira Thevins.
Kurt Cobain (kuimba uye gitare) kwenguva yakareba akakurudzira Krist Novoselic (bass gitare) kuti agadzire boka rake remimhanzi, asi akaomesa musoro haana kubvumirana.
Pashure pemakore matatu, kare muna 3, Kristu akafarira kurekodhwa kwekutanga kuumbwa kwaKurt Cobain pasi pezita rokuti "Fecal Matter", uye iye pachake akaomerera pakuumba boka.
Vakatora Bob McFedden sedhiramu, asi akasiya chirongwa ichi mwedzi wakatevera. Ipapo vakakoka Aaron Burkhard (ngoma), uyo akasiyawo basa racho pashure pemwedzi miviri.
Panguva ino, vakakwanisa kukurumidza kuchinja drummer, Dale Krover (madhiramu) akava nhengo itsva yeboka, uye nekuita kwake, boka racho rakazonyora demos yekutanga. Asi mutambi uyu haana kugara kwenguva refu - Dave Foster (madhiramu) akakurumidza kumutsiva.
Mumwedzi mishomanana yekutanga, boka racho harina kukwanisa kusarudza zita, uye pakupedzisira, pakutanga kwa1988, vakomana vakapa boka ravo zita rokuti "Nirvana".
Kurt Cobain akataura nezvazvo. kuti zvinopesana nemitemo yakagamuchirwa yezvikwata zvepunk-rock panguva iyoyo, kusarudza chimwe chinhu chisina kunaka uye chine tsvina kune zita rechikwata, vakomana vakasarudza zita rakanaka rakanaka rebhendi ravo.
Kuita kwekutanga kwechikwata cheNirvana kwakaitika muna Kurume 1988. Hapana kana mwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura, sezvo mutambi wedhiramu Chad Channing (madhiramu) akachinja zvakare muchikwata, panguva ino kwemakore anosvika maviri.
Rwiyo rwekutanga rwepamutemo rweboka rwakanga rwakagadzirwa "Rudo Buzz / Big Cheese". Atova muzhizha ra1989, Nirvana, yakagadzirwa naJack Endino, yakaburitsa dambarefu ravo rekutanga, Bleach, pasi peiyo Sub Pop label.
Nirvana band
Zvechokwadi, rudzi rwemimhanzi rwekutanga album rwakakonzerwa neThe Melvins uye Black Sabbath. Kuburitswa kwebhuku rekutanga kwakaunza timu mukurumbira wekutanga uye mukurumbira panhepfenyuro diki dzekoreji. Uye pamwe naye, boka remimhanzi rakaenda kunoshanyira America, richiita mumaguta 26.
Chimiro chemaitiro eNirvana chaive rudzi rwe "tsika" - vakomana mushure mekupera kwekonti vakapwanya midziyo kuti smithereens. Krist Novoselic akazobvuma kuti vakaita izvi kuti vakurumidze kubva pachikuva.
Kurt akanyora mazwi nemimhanzi yeimwe neimwe yenziyo ari ega. Oбычнo, нaигрывaя нa aкустичeскoй гитaрe, oн сoчинял, стрeмясь сoздaть симбиoз тяжёлoгo и лёгкoгo звучaний, нo всeгдa пoдчёркивaл, чтo нe любит, кoгдa eгo считaют eдинствeнным aвтoрoм, пoскoльку другиe учaстники кoллeктивa тaкжe игрaли вeсoмую рoль в принятии oтдeльных рeшeний oтнoситeльнo кaждoй кoмпoзиции.
Akatsigira kurekodha kweyekutanga album Jason Everman, ane zita rakanyorwa pabutiro redhisiki segitare, kunyange zvazvo asina kumbovapo, asi nenzira yakadaro Yata aida kuratidza kubatanidzwa kwaEverman mubasa reboka.
Kurt haana kuvanza kuti nziyo dzekutanga dzebhendi dzakabvaruka uye dzakapinza. Asi nekufamba kwenguva, nziyo dzakawedzera kutsvedzerera uye pop, uye muimbi pachake akawedzera kufara. Chikwata chakakura zvakanyanya muzvinyorwa zvavo: vakatanga kusimudza misoro yerudo nemanzwiro, kukakavara uye mamiriro.
Nirvana group logo
Nirvana: New Horizons
Mukutanga 90s, vachitanga basa pane itsva studio album, vakomana zvakare vakatanga kupesana nemutambi, zvakaratidzika kune vakomana kuti Chad Channing akanga asiri kudhonza, zvakanaka, uye Chad pachake akatsamwa kuti ivo havateereri uye chaizvoizvo haikanganisi maitiro.
Zvakanga zvisingabviri kuwana mutauro wakajairika uye muimbi akasiya boka, mushure memavhiki mashoma mutambi mutsva Dale Krover akatora nzvimbo kuseri kwemadhiramu, uye gare gare - Dan Peters. Asi pane izvi, basa remutambi harina kuvhara, uye mushure memwedzi mishoma, anzwa nziyo dzinoverengeka dzakaridzwa naDave Grohl, Kurt naKristo vakabva vamutora kuenda kuchikwata chavo.
Uye saka kuumbwa kukuru kwekupedzisira kweboka reNirvana kwakaumbwa.
Muna 1990, vaimbi vakasaina kondirakiti ine chinyorwa chitsva uye vakatanga kurekodha studio nyowani inonzi "Nevermind". Yekutanga single "Smells Like Teen Spirit" kubva mualbum iyi yakabva yave yakakurumbira, nekuda kwekutepfenyura kwayo nguva dzose paMTV mimhanzi chiteshi.
Muna Ndira 1991, dambarefu rechipiri rebhendi Nevermind rakasvika nhamba yekutanga pamachati eBillboard, richisiya disc raMichael Jackson.
Kurt Cobain: hupenyu hwehupenyu
Muna Kukadzi 1992, Kurt Cobain naCourtney Love (mutungamiri weboka rinorema revakadzi indie-rock Hole) vakapinda muwanano yepamutemo uye vakazivisa kuti vaive vachitarisira mwana kubva mumatsutso. Runyerekupe rwakatanga kupararira kuti vabereki vemangwana vanonyatsogara pa heroin.
Uye kunyanya runyerekupe rwakawedzera apo muzhizha vakomana vacho havana kuenda kunoshanya parwendo rwakazara rweAmerica vachitsigira yechipiri albhamu, vachiratidza kuneta. Vakomana vakatamba makonti mashoma uye vakaita muEngland pamutambo weKuverenga.
Kurt Cobain akatambura nemarwadzo anorwadza emudumbu, izvo zvakasimbiswa apo, mushure mekambani munaJune, akaguma muchipatara cheBelfast.
Zvakangodaro, runyerekupe nezve heroin rwakaramba ruchivashungurudza, uye chinyorwa muVanity Fair chakava chinonyadzisa, umo, sekunge zvakangoerekana zvaitika, zvakanzi Courtney ane pamuviri aishandisa hemp. Vabereki vomunguva yemberi vakaramba vachiramba makuhwa akadaro uye kunyange kutyisidzira pachena kuti vaizoranga munyori wenyaya yacho.
Kudya 18 Nyamavhuvhu 1992, Paira aive Randed nemusikana ane hutano Francis bin Kobein, vakauya kune chokwadi chebasa remwana, iro rakanga rakaneta.
Runyerekupe pazvakatanga kutenderera nezvehutano husina kunaka hwaKurt, uye zvakare kuti timu ichakurumidza kuparara, vakomana vakasarudza kushandisa runyerekupe urwu uye pamutambo wavo unotevera vakaseka: Mushure memaminitsi mashoma, muimbi akasimuka ndokubatana nevamwe vatori vechikamu. Izvi zvakafadza vateereri. Chikwata chinodiwa chakagamuchirwa nemufaro nevateveri uye kuseka kwakangosimudza dhigirii rekuita.
Pat Smear (gitare)
Nirvana: Mimhanzi Zvakare
Kuita kuti iyo albhamu nyowani iwedzere kushinga, inoshoreka uye isingaite, vakomana vakakoka mugadziri Steve Albini, ari pasi pehutungamiriri hwake album yechitatu "In Utero" yakanyorwa mukati memavhiki maviri chete. Asi yaive mbishi uye isati yapera. Vakomana vacho havana kufarira nziyo dzese, vaishaya imwe mhando yekukwana, iyo albhamu yakazove ine usimbe uye isina simba.
Kupindwa muropa Kurt Cobain
Panguva ino, makuhwa uye makuhwa zvakanga zvakare kukambaira zvakapoteredza Kurt Cobain. Musi waMay 2, 1993, Kurt Cobain akanyanyisa heroin. Kwapera mwedzi, Courtney akashevedza mapurisa kune imwe imba muSeattle kuti abvise Kurt, uyo akanga akavharirwa muimba yekugezera uye achityisidzira kuzviuraya, kubva kwaari.
Pamberi pekuburitswa kwealbum "In Utero" panguva yeSemina yeMimhanzi yeChikunguru, iyo yakaitirwa kuRoseland Ballroom muNew York, Kurt Cobain zvakare aive akawandisa.
Panguva iyoyo, mishumo yakatanga kuonekwa nguva dzose mumapepanhau, kusanganisira nyaya muNewsweek iyo DCG yakanga isingagutsikane ne album yakabudiswa "In Utero" uye yakapomera boka reNirvana kuti rakaita nemaune album.
Zvese zviri zviviri studio neboka zvakaramba zvachose makuhwa akadaro. Pakupedzwa kwekupedzisira kwezvinyorwa, zvakasarudzwa kudzokorora zvakarekodha nemugadziri weREM Scott Litt.
Mukupera kwa1993, album yechitatu yeboka reNirvana "In Utero" yakatanga uye yakatora nzvimbo yekutanga muBillboard200 charts, uye mushure mekubudiswa kwerekodhi, boka racho rakaenda kurwendo rukuru rweUnited States, richikoka wechipiri. gitare Pater Smir.
Mukutanga kwa1994, boka racho rakaenda kuEurope. Asi mushure mekonzati muMunich musi waFebruary 29, 1994, Cobain akarwara zvakanyanya aine chirwere chebronchitis uye laryngitis, uye mutambo waizoitwa zuva raitevera waifanira kumbomiswa. Yakanga iri shanduro yemapepanhau.
Nekudaro, muchokwadi, zvese zvaive zvakasiyana: mushure mekonzati muMunich, Kurt akafunga kugara mazuva mashoma muRome uye akazorora naCourtney. Asi munaKurume 4, Courtney akamuka akaona kuti Kurt akaedza kuzviuraya nekutora overdose yeRohypnol tranquilizers uye kunwa champagne mushure mekunyora tsamba yekuzviuraya.
Mushure mevhiki yekurapwa, Cobain akadzokera kuSeattle, asi pfungwa dzake dzakanga dzisina kugadzikana zvakanyanya. Pana March 18, 1994, mapurisa akataura naKurt, uyo akatyisidzira kuzviuraya kupfurikidza nokuzvivharira mukamuri nechombo.
Courtney naNirvana vakaronga kurapwa, vachiisa Kurt paExodus Recovery Center muLos Angeles munaKurume 30. Nekudaro, muna Kubvumbi 1, Cobain akatiza kubva kukiriniki ndokudzokera kuSeattle.
Musi wa4 Kubvumbi, amai vake vakanyorera kumapurisa gwaro rezvavaidiwa. Uye kare muna Kubvumbi 8, 1994, Kurt Cobain akawanikwa akafa mumba make muSeattle nenyanzvi yemagetsi akauya kuzoisa alarm yembavha. Maererano neshanduro yepamutemo, muimbi akazvipfura nepfuti.
Nirvana yaparara
Monument kuna Kurt Cobain paAberdeen Historical Museum
Vamwe vaimbi pashure penguva yakati vakatanga kuita mabasa ega. Mushure mekufa kunorwadza kwaKurt Cobain, maarubhamu akati wandei eNirvana akaburitswa, yekutanga yakabuda munaNovember 1994. Vhiki mbiri gare gare, muunganidzwa wevhidhiyo wehurukuro wakaburitswa, mazhinji acho Kurt akazvisarudzira.
Frances Cobain naCourtney Love
Kubva Nyamavhuvhu 1997, Krist Novoselic naDave Grohl vanga vachishanda muunganidzwa weasingawanzo hits naNirvana uye makore mana gare gare akazivisa kuti muunganidzwa wagadzirira uye uchaburitswa mukudonha kwegore regumi rechipiri Nirvana album "Neverminad. Asi zuva rekusunungurwa risati rasvika, chirikadzi yaCobain Courtney Love yakamhan'arira vaimbi vachipomerwa mhosva yekushandisa zvisiri pamutemo basa raKurt uye nokudaro vakawana kurambidzwa kwekuunganidza.
Kupokana kukuru kwakaitika pamusoro pechinyorwa "Iwe Unoziva Iwe Wakarurama". Courtney akataura zvine mutsindo kuti kuumbwa uku kwakaburitswa muunganidzwa wehits dzechikwata. Mhosva yacho yakakwevera kweinopfuura gore, asi, kune mufaro wevateveri, mapato akabvumirana uye akafunga kuburitsa muunganidzwa wehits, kusanganisira rwiyo "Unoziva Iwe Wakarurama", iro rakazonzi "Nirvana." ".
Mushure memakore maviri, dhisiki rakakosha risingawanzo rakaburitswa nerekodhi rekutanga raKurt Cobain rainzi "NeThe Lights Out".
Courtney Love, ane unhu hunonyadzisa uye panguva imwechete yebhizimisi, muchirimo cha2006 akasarudza kumutengesa 25% yenziyo dzeboka reNirvana. Yakatengwa naLarry Mestel.
Makore matatu gare gare, rwiyo rwekutanga rwaNirvana rwakaburitswa paCD, pamwe nevinyl, kwegore remakumi maviri rekuburitswa kwekutanga, iro raisanganisira kurekodha kusati kwamboburitswa kwekonsati muPortland, yakaitika muna Kukadzi 3, 20. Gore roga roga nhamba yevateveri veboka remimhanzi risati ravapo Nirvana iri kukura. The anniversary edition yeNevermind yakabudirira zvikuru.
Krist Novoselic akaedza kuumba mapoka matsva, asi haana kubudirira zvikuru. Muna 2004, Novoselich akabudisa bhuku rehupenyu, apo, zvisinei, akagovera zvirongwa zvake zveramangwana.
Nirvana Discography
Studio albums:
1989 - "Bleach"
1991 - "Nevermind"
1993 - "MuUtero"
Кoнцertnyand thelboisu tiri:
1994 - "MTV Unplugged muNew York"
1996 - "Kubva kuMadhaka Mabhangi eWishkah"
2009 - "Rarama paKuverenga"
2011 - "Rarama paParamount"
2013 - "Rarama uye Loud (Nirvana)".
Sat.orniki:
1992 - "Incesticide"
2002 - "Nirvana (Greatest Hits)"
2004 - "Nemwenje Kunze" (Kuunganidzwa kwezvinyorwa zvisingawanzo)
2005 - "Sliver: Yakanakisa yeBhokisi".
Mini-alboisu tiri:
1989 - "Blew"
1992 - "Hormoaning"
Zvikamu:
"Inonhuwa seTeen Spirit"
Breed
"Munhu Akatengesa Nyika"
"Unoziva Kuti Wakarurama"
"Bhokisi rakaumbwa nemoyo"
"Lithium"
"Mu Bloom"
"About A Girl"
