Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov unhu husina iyo yeRussia mimhanzi, kunyanya mimhanzi yenyika, haigoni kufungidzirwa. Mutungamiriri, muimbi uye muimbi akanyora nezvekuita kwake kwenguva refu yekusika:
- 15 operas;
- 3 symphonies;
- 80 dzerudo.
Mukuwedzera, iyo maestro yakanga ine nhamba inokosha yemabasa e-symphonic. Sezvineiwo, somwana, Nikolai akarota basa somutyairi wengarava. Aida geography uye aisagona kufungidzira upenyu hwake pasina kufamba. Zvaaida pazvakazadzika, uye akafamba rwendo rwokupota nyika, akakanganisa zvirongwa zvake. Maestro aida kudzokera kunyika nokukurumidza sezvinobvira uye kuzvipira kumimhanzi.
Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov: Uduku uye Vechiduku
Maestro akaberekerwa mutaundi duku redunhu reTikhvin. Mhuri iyi yaigara zvakapfuma, saka mhuri huru yaisada chinhu.
Vabereki vakarera vakomana vaviri vakanaka - Warrior uye Nikolai. Mwanakomana mukuru akasarudza kutevera mumakwara asekuru vake. Akakwira kusvika pachinzvimbo chemutyairi wemugungwa wekumashure. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti Warrior aiva nemakore 22 mukuru kuna Nikolai. Hama yacho yaiva chiremera chemukuru mukuru. Aigara achiteerera pfungwa dzake.
Nikolai akanga achigadzirirwa chokwadi chokuti aizoshanda muNavy. Musoro wemhuri wakanyatsogona mutambo pazviridzwa zvakawanda zvemimhanzi kamwechete. Akabatsira pakuti vanakomana vose vakaratidza rudo rukuru rwemimhanzi. Kunyanya, Kolya muduku akaimba muchechi choir. Uye atova pazera re9 akanyora chidimbu chekutanga chemimhanzi.
Achiri kuyaruka, Nikolai akapinda muNaval Cadet Corps. Kubva panguva iyoyo, haana kungofarira geography chete, asiwo mune unyanzvi. Muguta guru rekuchamhembe, akashanyira dzimba dzeopera uye akabatana neboka renyika retsika. Yakanga iri muMoscow kuti akatanga kujairana nezvinyorwa zvevakakurumbira vekunze uye Russian maestro.
Pano akatora zvidzidzo zve cello kubva kumudzidzisi Ulich, ndokubva adzidza nemuimbi wepiyano Fyodor Kanille. Muna 1862, Rimsky-Korsakov akapedza kudzidza nerukudzo kubva kuNavy. Mufaro wakatsiva kuchema. Nikolai akaziva kuti mukuru wemhuri akanga ashaya. Mushure mekufa kwababa vake, mhuri yakatamira kunogara muguta guru retsika reRussia.
Nzira yekugadzira yemunyori
Muna 1861, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov akaita rombo rakanaka kusangana Mily Balakirev (muvambi Mighty Handful School). Kuzivana kwakakura kwete kungova ushamwari hwakasimba, asiwo kwakakonzera kuumbwa kweRimsky-Korsakov semunyori.
Pasi pesimba raMilius, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov akanyora Symphony No. 1, op. 1. Maestro haana kukwanisa kuita pfungwa dzake kuti ape basa racho, asi mushure mokudzokororwa, akaratidza kuumbwa mudenderedzwa reMighty Handful sangano. Mhuri yacho payakatamira kuSt. Petersburg, Nikolai akanyura mukuita zvekugadzira.
Munguva iyi yenguva, munyori akazadzwa nemanomano engano. Ruzivo rutsva rwakakurudzira maestro kugadzira mimhanzi "Sadko". Rimsky-Korsakov akazarura kune veruzhinji uye nevamwe vake pfungwa yakadai se "programming". Mukuwedzera, akagadzira symmetrical mode, nekuda kwekuti mimhanzi yakawana yakasiyana zvachose, yakambonzwika inzwi.
tarenda rekuzvarwa naro
Aigara achiedza masystems, uye izvi zvakamupa mufaro chaiwo. Ichokwadi ndechokuti nenzira yechisikigo akapiwa iyo inonzi "kunzwa kwemavara", izvo zvakamubvumira kuti azviwanire zvaanowana mukunzwika kwemimhanzi yekare. Saka, akaona tonality yeC huru semumvuri wakareruka, uye D huru seyero. Iyo maestro yakabatana neE huru nechinhu chegungwa.
Nenguva isipi imwe nziyo yemimhanzi "Antar" yakaonekwa munyika yemimhanzi. Akabva atanga kushanda pakunyora opera yekutanga. Muna 1872, vateveri vebasa raNikolai Rimsky-Korsakov vakanakidzwa nemimhanzi yakaisvonaka yeopera The Maid of Pskov.
Maestro akanga asina dzidzo yemimhanzi, asi mukutanga kwema1870 akava purofesa paSt. Petersburg Conservatory. Akapedza makore anopfuura 30 mukati memadziro enzvimbo yedzidzo.
Aida basa rake uye akakudza hunyanzvi hwake panguva imwe chete. Munguva yekudzidzisa panguva yekuchengetedza, Nikolai akanyora polyphonic, nziyo dzezwi, uye akagadzirawo concertos yemutambo unobatsira. Muna 1874 akaedza simba rake somuperekedzi. Pashure pemakore 6, akanga atoita pamwe orchestra muguta guru Russian Federation.
Rimsky-Korsakov akashanda asinganeti muma1980. Munguva iyi yenguva, akazadza mumhanzi piggy bank ne akati wandei emabasa asingafi. Tiri kutaura nezve orchestral suites "Scheherazade", "Spanish Capriccio" uye overture "Bright Holiday".
Kuderera kwebasa rekugadzira re maestro
Ma1890 akaratidzirwa nekuderera kwebasa remunyori ane mukurumbira. Munguva iyi yenguva, mabasa ehuzivi emaestro akabuda. Mukuwedzera, akaita chinjo kune dzinoverengeka dzenziyo dzekare. Basa rakatora inzwi rakasiyana zvachose.
Mufananidzo wose wakashanduka pakati pemakore ekuma1890. Munguva iyi, Rimsky-Korsakov akatanga kunyora akati wandei mabasa akajeka ane simba idzva. Nenguva isipi akaunza opera inonyanya kufarirwa mune yake repertoire, The Tsar's Bride.
Mushure mekuratidzwa kwemaopera akawanda, Nikolai akave akakurumbira. Mufananidzo wakachinja zvishoma muna 1905. Ichokwadi ndechokuti Rimsky-Korsakov akadzingwa kubva kuchikoro chekudzidzisa uye akabatanidzwa mune iyo inonzi "black list". Nekutanga kwesangano rechimurenga, munyori akatsigira vadzidzi vairova, izvo zvakakonzera kutsamwa muzviremera.
Tsanangudzo yehupenyu hwehupenyu hwemunyori Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
Rimsky-Korsakov akarota mhuri yakasimba uye ine ushamwari hupenyu hwake hwose hwevanhu vakuru. Pane imwe yemanheru ekugadzira, akasangana neanoridza piyano Nadezhda Nikolaevna Purgold. Nekunyepedzera kubatsira kunyora imwe yemitambo, akatendeukira kune mumwe mukadzi kuti abatsirwe.
Munguva yebasa refu pakusikwa kwe opera, manzwiro akamuka pakati pevechidiki. Nenguva isipi vakasarudza kuroorana. Vana vanomwe vakazvarwa mumhuri. Sezvineiwo, vakawanda vavo vakafa vachiri vacheche. Mwanasikana wegotwe, Sofia, akatevera tsoka dzababa vake. Kubva paudiki, ave ari munhu wekugadzira. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti Sofia Rimskaya-Korsakova akave akakurumbira semuimbi weOpera.
Mudzimai waMaestro akararama makore gumi nerimwe kupfuura murume wake. Mukadzi uyu akafa nechirwere chegomarara. Mushure mekumukira, mhuri yeKorsakov yakadzingwa kubva kumba kwavo. Kwaimbove nevabvakure ikoko. Uye chete mukutanga kwe11 yezana remakore rapfuura, zviremera zvakagadzira museum mukukudza munyori.
Zvinofadza chokwadi pamusoro pemunyori
- Semwana ane makore matatu, Nikolai akatorova manotsi nekuridza ngoma.
- Pane imwe nguva akapokana nemunyori Leo Tolstoy. Somugumisiro, Tolstoy akatsoropodza kusikwa kwe maestro, achitaura kuti chero mimhanzi inokuvadza uye haina musoro.
- Aifarira kuverenga. Pasherefu yake pakanga paine raibhurari inoyevedza yezvinyorwa zvechiRussian.
- Mushure mekufa kwemaestro, zvinyorwa zvake zvakabudiswa, umo akataura nezvemabasa ake ekunyora.
- "Mwenga waTsar" nemunyori weRussia akapinda mumitambo zana yakakurumbira zvikuru munyika yose.
Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov: Makore okupedzisira ehupenyu hwake
Maestro akafa musi waChikumi 8, 1908. Honzeri yerufu yakanga iri hosha yemwoyo. Pashure pokunge munyori wacho aziva kuti opera inonzi The Golden Cockerel yakanga yarambidzwa kuitwa, akangoerekana arwara. Pakutanga, mutumbi wakavigwa muSt. Gare gare, zvakasara zvakavigwa zvakare mu "Masters of Arts Necropolis" yeAlexander Nevsky Lavra.
