Marlene Dietrich ndiye muimbi mukuru uye mutambi, mumwe weanouraya runako rwezana ramakore rechi1930. Muridzi wehasha contralto, hunyanzvi hwekugona kugona, hwakasanganiswa nerunako runoshamisa uye kugona kuzviratidza pachikuva. Mumakore ekumaXNUMX, aive mumwe wevatambi vechikadzi vaibhadharwa zvakanyanya pasi rose.
Akava akakurumbira kwete chete munyika yake duku, asiwo kure nemiganhu yayo. Nenzira yakarurama, anorangarirwa kuva mupimo wechikadzi nevatano.
Pane ngano pamusoro pehupenyu hwemuimbi. Vamwe vanomuona sechiratidzo chehuipi nekuda kwekubatana kwake kwakawanda nevarume, vamwe - chiratidzo chechimiro uye kuravira kwakanatswa, mukadzi anofanirwa kutevedzera.
Saka ndiani Marlene Dietrich? Sei kuguma kwake kuchiri kukwezva kutarisa kwete chete vanoyemura tarenda, vatsoropodzi vemifananidzo uye vanyori vezvakaitika kare, asiwo vanhuwo zvavo?
Rwendo mune biography yaMarlene Dietrich
Maria Magdalena Dietrich (zita chairo) akaberekwa musi waDecember 27, 1901 muBerlin mumhuri yakapfuma. Musikana uyu aiziva zvishoma nezvababa vake. Akafa paaiva nemakore matanhatu.
Kurerwa kwaiitwa naamai, mukadzi ane hunhu hwe "simbi" uye nheyo dzakasimba. Ndokusaka akapa vana vake (Dietrich aiva nehanzvadzi Liesel) dzidzo yakanakisisa.
Dietrich ainyatsogona mitauro miviri yekunze (Chirungu neFrench), airidza lute, violin uye piyano, uye akaimba. Kuita kweruzhinji kwakaitika muzhizha ra1917 paRed Cross konzati.
Pazera remakore 16, musikana uyu akasiya chikoro uye, pakusimbirira kwaamai vake, akatamira kuguta reruwa rweGermany reWeimar, kwaaigara muimba yebhodhi, achienderera mberi nezvidzidzo zvake mukuridza violin. Asi akanga asina kurongerwa kuti ave mutambi weviolin ane mukurumbira.
Muna 1921, achidzokera kuBerlin, akatanga kuedza kupinda K. Flesch Higher School of Music, asi zvakashaya basa. Ipapo muna 1922 akapinda muchikoro chevatambi chaM. Reinhardt panzvimbo yemitambo yeGermany, asi haanazve kupasa bvunzo.
Nekudaro, mutungamiriri wesangano redzidzo akaona tarenda remukadzi wechidiki uye akamupa zvidzidzo zvake pachivande.
Munguva iyi, musikana akakwanisa kushanda mune imwe orchestra ichiperekedza akanyarara mafirimu, mutambi mune imwe cafe yeusiku. Fortune akasekerera Marlene. Akatanga kuonekwa pachikuva munhandare semutambi ane makore 21.
Nzira yekugadzira yaMarlene Dietrich
Kubva December 1922, nokukurumidza kuwedzera basa rake akatanga. Musikana wechidiki akakokwa kuzoongorora bvunzo. Akaita mafirimu: "Ava varume", "Dambudziko rerudo", "Cafe Electrician".
Asi kubwinya kwechokwadi kwakauya mushure mekubudiswa kwefirimu "The Blue Angel" muna 1930. Nziyo dzakaitwa naMarlene Dietrich kubva mufirimu iyi dzakava hits, uye mutambi wacho pachake akamuka mukurumbira.
Mugore rimwe chetero, akabva kuGermany achienda kuAmerica, achisaina kondirakiti inobhadhara neParamount Pictures. Munguva yekubatana nekambani yeHollywood, mafirimu matanhatu akapfurwa, izvo zvakaunza Dietrich mukurumbira wenyika.
Yakanga iri panguva iyo iyo yakava chiyero chekunaka kwevakadzi, chiratidzo chepabonde, zvose zvakashata uye zvisina mhosva, zvisingapindiki uye zvinonyengera.
Zvadaro muimbi wacho akadanwa kudzokera kuGermany, asi akaramba kupiwa, achienderera mberi kutora mafirimu muAmerica, uye akagamuchira ugari hweAmerica.
Munguva yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri, Marlene akakanganisa basa rake rekuita uye akaimba pamberi pemauto eAmerica, uye akashora pachena hurumende yeNazi. Sezvakataurwa nemunyori akazoti: "Ichi ndicho chete chiitiko chakakosha muhupenyu hwangu."
Mushure mehondo, mabasa ake anopesana neGermany akakosheswa nevakuru veFrance neAmerica, avo vakamupa menduru nemirairo.
Pakati pa1946 na1951 muimbi uyu ainyanya kuita zvekunyora zvinyorwa zvemafashoni emagazini, akatambira zvirongwa zveredhiyo, uye akatamba episodic mabasa mumafirimu.
Muna 1953, Marlene Dietrich akazviratidza pamberi pevanhu mubasa idzva semuimbi uye muvaraidzi. Pamwe chete nemuimbi wepiyano B. Bakarak, akarekodha akati wandei. Kubva panguva iyoyo, nyeredzi yemufirimu ine nyeredzi mumafirimu zvishoma uye zvishoma.
Paakadzokera kunyika yake, mutambi wacho akagamuchirwa zvakanaka. Veruzhinji havana kugovana maonero ake ezvematongerwo enyika, akanangana nemabasa evakuru veGerman munguva yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri.
Pakupera kwebasa rake, Dietrich ane nyeredzi mune mamwe matepi akawanda ( "Nuremberg Miedzo", "Gigolo Akanaka, Murombo Gigolo"). Muna 1964, muimbi akapa Concerts muLeningrad uye Moscow.
Muna 1975, basa rakabudirira rakakanganiswa netsaona. Pamutambo muSydney, Dietrich akawira mugomba reorchestra uye akatyoka zvakanyanya kumukadzi wake. Pashure pokunge abudiswa muchipatara, Marlene akaenda kuFrance.
Mumakore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake, mutambi wacho haana kubva pamba. Zvakamunetsa kuti agamuchire chokwadi chekuti hupenyu hwaisazofanana. Utano husina kunaka, rufu rwemurume wake, runako runopera rwakava zvikonzero zvikuru zvekuenda kwemutambi uyo akambopenya panhandare yemitambo uye mumafirimu mumumvuri.
Musi waMay 6, 1992, Marlene Dietrich akafa. Nyeredzi yakavigwa mumakuva eguta muBerlin pedyo naamai vake.
Hupenyu hwemuimbi kunze kwedariro uye cinema
Marlene Dietrich, kufanana nemunhu wese wevanhu, aiwanzozviwana ari munzvimbo. Vateereri vakafadzwa kwete chete nezwi rakaderera rakasimba remuimbi, asiwo netarenda remutambi. Vaifarira hupenyu hwemunhu akafa.
Akanzi nenganonyorwa dzinenge hafu yevakakurumbira vekuHollywood, mamirioni, kunyangwe nevaviri vaKennedy. Muchina we "yellow" wakaratidzawo hukama hwaDietrich husina hushamwari zvachose nevamwe vakadzi - Edith Piaf, munyori wekuSpain Mercedes de Acosta, ballerina Vera Zorina. Kunyange zvazvo mutambi wacho pachake haana kutaura pamusoro peizvi.
Nyeredzi yefirimu yakaroorwa kamwe nemubatsiri wemutungamiriri R. Sieber. Vaviri ava vakagara vese kwemakore mashanu. Mumuchato, vaiva nemwanasikana, Maria, akarerwa nababa vake. Amai vakazvipira chose kubasa ravo uye nyaya dzerudo.
Dietrich akafirwa muna 1976. Nei vaviri vacho vasina kurambana zviri pamutemo, vachigara zvakasiyana, zvichiri chakavanzika.
Marlene akanga asingatyi kuchinja kwekadhidhi mumufananidzo wake, achizivisa pachena kuti kunaka kwemukadzi kunonyanya kukosha kupfuura njere. Akanga ari wekutanga wepabonde rakanaka kupfeka pantsuit mufirimu Morocco (1930), nokudaro achishandura fashoni yenyika.
Nguva dzose uye kwose kwose aitora magirazi naye, sezvo aitenda kuti mumamiriro ezvinhu ose makeup inofanira kuva yakakwana. Apinda muzera rinoremekedzwa, akava muimbi wekutanga kuvhiyiwa epurasitiki - kusimudzira kumeso.
Marlene Dietrich haasi chete mutambi ane tarenda uye muimbi akasiya chiratidzo chakajeka munhoroondo yecinema yenyika, asiwo mukadzi akavanzika akararama hupenyu hwakajeka uye hune chiitiko.
Zvikwere muParis neBerlin zvakatumidzwa zita rake, mafirimu akawanda akaitwa pamusoro pake, uye muimbi weRussia A. Vertinsky akatonyora rwiyo "Marlene" mukukudza kwemuimbi.
