Maria Maksakova muimbi weSoviet opera. Pasinei nemamiriro ezvinhu ose, iyo yekugadzira biography yemuimbi yakagadziridzwa zvakanaka. Maria akaita basa guru mukusimudzira mimhanzi yeopera.
Maksakova aiva mwanasikana wemutengesi uye mudzimai wemutorwa. Akazvara mwana kubva kumurume akatiza USSR. Muimbi weopera akakwanisa kudzivisa kudzvinyirirwa. Mukuwedzera, Maria akaramba achiita basa guru munhandare huru yeSoviet Union. Iyo opera diva yakadzokorora kubata mibairo yenyika uye mibairo.
Uduku uye huduku hwemuimbi Maria Maksakova
Maria Maksakova akaberekwa muna 1902 mudunhu Astrakhan. Zita remusikana wemuimbi weOpera ndiSidorova. Maria ndiye gotwe pavana vemushandi wekambani yeAstrakhan Pyotr Vasilyevich nemukadzi wake Lyudmila, aive mukadziwo zvake murombo.
Musikana aifanira kukurumidza kukura. Akafirwa nababa vake achiri mudiki. Kuti asaremedze mhuri nemari, Maria akatanga kuwana mari yake ega. Maksakova akaimba mukwaya yechechi. Kuimba kwakapa Masha mufaro mukuru. Airota dariro hombe.
Kutanga kwebasa remuimbi Maria Maksakova
Maria akagamuchira dzidzo yake yeunyanzvi yezwi paAstrakhan College yeMumhanzi, iyo yakavambwa muna 1900. Panguva iyi ndipo pakatanga hondo yevagari vemo. Maria akapa makonzati pamberi pevarwi veRed Army, achikurudzira varwi nekuimba kwake.
Muna 1919, muguta Krasny Yar, muimbi akaita chikamu Opera kekutanga. Kuita kwake kwakafadza vateereri zvokuti vateereri vakapa mudiki diva mufaro wakamira.
Pashure pacho, Maria akauya kuzowana basa muAstrakhan Opera troupe. Asati anyoresa, akakumbirwa kuita chikamu kubva kuOpera "Eugene Onegin" naP. I. Tchaikovsky. Akaita basa. Ruzivo rwemuimbi rwemuimbi rwakafadza kwazvo kune vemabhizinesi. Maria Maksakova akashanda.
Havasi vese vaifara naMaria. Nhengo dzeboka racho dzakaitira shanje musikana ane tarenda. Aiitwa makuhwa kuseri kwemusana, achigara achiparadzira makuhwa asina musoro. Vaida kuderedza chiremera chaMaksakova, asi unhu hwaMaria hwakanga hwakasimba zvokuti kuedza kwose kwevasina maturo hakuna kubudirira.
Akangonzwa matauriro avakaita nezvake: "Haatomboziva kufamba-famba pachikuva, asi anokumbira kuve muimbi." Mundangariro dzake, opera diva akayeuka kuti aive asina njere uye akapusa zvekuti akamira kumashure, achitarisa pakufamba kwevane ruzivo approx. Maria akaedza kutevedzera maitiro evaimbi vane unyanzvi, asingazivi kuti aikwanisa kuzviriritira uye aifarira veruzhinji.
Nenguva isipi chigaro chemukuru wechikwata chakatorwa nemudzidzisi uye muzvinabhizimusi Maximilian Schwartz, uyo akaita pasi pezita remanyepo Maksakov. Murume wacho akagumbura Maria nemashoko okuti akanga asingakwanisi kudzora inzwi rake uye aigona kuita zvakawanda kana akadzidza nomudzidzisi. Maria akatora zano raSchwartz. Akatanga kushingaira kukwenenzvera kugona kwake kutaura.
Creative nzira Maria Maksakova
Muna 1923, Maria Maksakova akatanga kuonekwa pachikuva cheBolshoi Theater. Akaimba zvikamu zveAmneris muGiuseppe Verdi's Aida. Sergei Lemeshev akapinda mumutambo wekutanga weopera diva. Ipapo akanga achiri kudzidza panzvimbo inochengeterwa mhuka. Muiti weramangwana revanhu akashamiswa nezwi raMaria uye kukwanisa kwake kugara pachikuva. Akakwezvwa nekunaka kwemuimbi, kunyanya chimiro chake chitete uye zvinhu zvinowirirana.
Repertoire yaMaria yakawedzerwa nemapati matsva gore negore. Akaridza mumhanzi "Carmen" naGeorges Bizet, "The Snow Maiden" uye "May Night" naNikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, "Lohengrin" naRichard Wagner. Kuzivikanwa kwemuimbi kwakawedzera zvakanyanya.
Maria Maksakova, kusiyana neakaitika, haana kurega kuita zvikamu zvevanyori veSoviet. Somuenzaniso, muimbi akatora chikamu mukugadzirwa Arseny Gladkovsky uye Yevgeny Prussak "For Red Petrograd". Akanga ari wekutanga kuimba basa reAlmast mu opera yezita rimwe chete naAlexander Stipendiarov.
Mudiwa waStalin, mwedzi mushure mekufa kwemutungamiriri, akaregeredzwa zvisingatarisirwi. Kwaari, izvi zvakamushamisa, sezvo Mary aingova nemakore 51 chete. Maksakova haana kushamiswa. Akaita zverudo uye akadzidzisa paGITIS.
Nenguva isipi, Maria akava neaanoda zvikuru - Tamara Milashkina. Akatsigira wadhi yake uye akaita basa rakakosha mukukura kwaTamara semuimbi weopera.
Maria Maksakova akaita mupiro wakakosha mukusimudzira opera yeRussia. Kutenda kune magudzanzwi, kududzirwa kwemuimbi werudo kwakayeukwa nevanhu vazhinji veSoviet seyechinyakare. Pasinei neizvi, akagamuchira zita re "People's Artist" muna 1971 chete.
Upenyu hwehupenyu hwaMaria Maksakova
Murume wekutanga wemuimbi weOpera aiva chirikadzi Maksakov. Kunyange mutsauko mukuru muzera, kana chokwadi chekuti Maksakov aive nevagari vaviri zvakadzivirira mufaro wemhuri. Imwe shanduro inoti Xenia Jordanskaya (mudzimai Maksakov) akamuudza kuti aroore Maria asati afa.
Murume wepamutemo waMaria akashandisa hukama hunodiwa kuti mudzimai wake wechidiki agamuchirwe muboka reBolshoi Theater. Hupenyu hwega uye hwekugadzira hwevakaroorana hwaive hwakabatana. Muimbi weopera akayeuka kuti pashure pekuimba kwega kwega, vakaroorana vaiungana voongorora zvikanganiso zvaaiita paaiimba.
Muna 1936 Maria Maksakova akafirwa nomurume wake. Zvisinei, akanga asiri muchimiro chechirikadzi kwenguva refu. Nokukurumidza mukadzi wacho akaroora mumiriri Yakov Davtyan. Upenyu hwemhuri naJakobho hwakanga hwakadzikama uye hwakanyarara. Kuguma kwemufaro kwakaiswa nekusungwa uye kuurayiwa kwemumiriri.
Vana venyanzvi
Pamakore 38, Maria Maksakova akava amai. Akazvara mwanasikana, waakatumidza Lyudmila. Vakataura kuti mukadzi wacho akabereka Alexander Volkov. Murume wacho akashandawo paBolshoi Theater. Mumakore ehondo, akamanikidzwa kusiya USSR ndokuenda kuAmerica.
Patronymic "Vasilievna" Lyudmila Maksakova akapiwa neshamwari yakanaka yaamai vake vakakurumbira, mushandi wehurumende masangano ekuchengetedza Vasily Novikov. Mukuwedzera, kune imwe shanduro yekuzvarwa kwemwanasikana. Vanoti Maria akabereka Joseph Stalin, uyo aiva fan of opera muimbi.
Lyudmila akapedza kudzidza kubva Higher Theatre School yakatumidzwa zita reM. S. Shchepkin. Panguva ye2020, mukadzi akanyorwa muchikoro chedzidzo mune chinzvimbo chemudzidzisi. Akazviona seactress. Pakati pemabasa anoshamisa akaitwa naMaksakova: Tanya Ogneva (mumutambo waIsidor Annensky "Zuva raTatiana"), Rosalind Aizenstein (mune firimu rakagadziridzwa naJohann Strauss 'operetta "Die Fledermaus") naMiss Emily Brent ("Makumi Madiki maIndia"). .
Mwanasikana haana kugara nhaka yezwi rechic raamai vake vane tarenda. Asi akadzokorora magumo ake. Chokwadi ndechokuti Lyudmila akaroorwa kaviri. Muna 1970, Lyudmila akabereka mwanakomana kubva kumuimbi Felix-Lev Zbarsky. Makore maviri gare gare, murume akatama kubva Soviet Union.
Makore mashanu mushure mekufa kwaMaria Maksakova, muzukuru wake akaberekwa, uyo akatumidzwa zita reOpera diva. Nenzira, Maria Maksakova Jr. munhu wenhau. Mukadzi ari chikamu cheMariinsky Theatre uye aimbova mutevedzeri weHurumende Duma yeRussia. Muna 5, mukurumbira akatamira munharaunda yeUkraine.
Zvinofadza chokwadi pamusoro paMaria Maksakova
- Pachiyeuchidzo chaMariya, zita romusikana wake rinoratidzwa.
- Chirongwa chefirimu naEldar Ryazanov "Station for Two" yaiva dzimwe nguva dzehupenyu hweMaksakova.
- Murume wechipiri wemuimbi weOpera akatungamirira kurongwazve kweLeningrad Polytechnic Institute.
Kufa kwaMaria Maksakova
Maria Petrovna Maksakova akafa muna August 1974. Pazuva remariro acho, chiverengero chakati chavanhu chakaungana. Kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti hapana akuvadzwa, mapurisa akakwira aitenderera.
Opera diva yakavigwa pamakuva eVvedensky muguta guru reRussian Federation. Muguta raakaberekerwa, mugwagwa, sikweya, uye philharmonic inonzi zita raMaria Maksakova. Kubva pakupera kwema1980, mutambo wemimhanzi unonzi Valeria Barsova naMaria Maksakova wakarongwa muAstrakhan.
