Marios Tokas - muCIS, haasi munhu wose anoziva zita remunyori uyu, asi munharaunda yake yeKupro neGreece, munhu wose aiziva nezvake. Kwemakore makumi mashanu nematatu ehupenyu hwake, Tokas akakwanisa kugadzira kwete mabasa mazhinji emimhanzi atove ekare, asi akabatanidzwawo mune zvematongerwo enyika uye neruzhinji hupenyu hwenyika yake.
Marios Tokas akaberekwa musi waChikumi 8, 1954 muLimassol, Cyprus. Munzira dzakawanda, kusarudzwa kwebasa remangwana kwakakonzerwa nababa vake, avo vaifarira nhetembo. Ajoinha orchestra yemuno sesaxophonist pazera re10, Tokas aiwanzoenda kumakonzati nevaimbi veGreek, uye akambofemerwa nebasa remunyori Mikis Theodorakis.
Izvi ndizvo zvakaita kuti Tokas wechidiki anyore mimhanzi yenhetembo dzababa vake. Awana tarenda iri mukati make, akatanga kufarira nhetembo dzaRitsos, Yevtushenko, Hikmet, ane nhetembo dzaakanyora nziyo uye pachake akaita navo kuchikoro uye mumakonzati munhandare.
Basa raMarios Tokas muHondo
Mamiriro ezvematongerwe enyika muCyprus muma70s akanga asina kugadzikana, uye kurwisana kwemadzinza kwaiwanzotanga pakati pevaTurkey nevaGiriki. Musi waChikunguru 20, 1974, mauto eTurkey akapinda munharaunda yechitsuwa uye Tokas, kufanana nevarume vakawanda, akatumirwa kunhandare dzehondo: panguva iyoyo akanga atova muchiuto. Demobilized mukudonha kwa1975, apedza makore anopfuura matatu ari mubasa.
Tokas anoyeuka nguva idzodzo sedzakanyanya kuoma uye dzakapesvedzera zvikuru basa rake remangwana. Pashure pokunge apedza basa racho, akasarudza kufamba nemakonzati munharaunda yose yeKupro, iyo iri pasi pokudzora kweGreece. Marios Tokas akatumira mari yacho kubatsira vapoteri uye vanhu vakawirwa nemhirizhonga.
Muimbi uyu aive mutsigiri ane simba wekubatanidzwazve kweKupro neGreece, uye akashinga kudzivirira chinzvimbo ichi kunyangwe mukutanga kwema2000, apo pakanga pachine kukakavara pamusoro pemamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika echitsuwa. Kusvikira parufu rwake, haana kurega kuenda kunoshanya, achitaura nokuda kweKupro yakasununguka.
Kusimuka kwebasa remimhanzi
Paakadzoka kubva kuhondo, Tokas akanga atowana mukurumbira uye mukurumbira wakafara, uye shamwari yake yepedyo akanga ari Archbishop Makarios, purezidhendi wokutanga weCyprus. Nerubatsiro rwake, munyori akapinda muimba yekugara muGreece, kwaakabatanidza zvidzidzo zvake nekunyora nhetembo.
Muna 1978, chikamu chekutanga chenziyo dzake dzakaitwa naManolis Mitsyas chakaburitswa. Mudetembi wechiGreek Yannis Ritsos akatenda tarenda raTokas uye akamupa nziyo dzekunyora dzakabva munhetembo dzake kubva muunganidzwa usati waburitswa "Chizvarwa Changu Chakashungurudzika". Mushure meizvi, munyori akatanga kushanda pamwe chete nevanyori vakasiyana-siyana nevatambi, uye mabasa aKostas Varnalis, Theodisis Pieridis, Tevkros Antias nevamwe vakawanda vakapfuura kubva mumhando yenhetembo kuenda kumhando yemimhanzi.
Mukurumbira nebudiriro zviri kwese kwese, uye Marios Tokas ari kutotora kuumba mimhanzi yemitambo nemafirimu. Mabasa ake aigona kunzwika muzvigadzirwa zvichibva pamitambo yemutambi wekare wechiGiriki Aristophanes - "Vakadzi paThesmophoria", pamwe ne "Yerma" uye "Don Rosita" nemunyori wemitambo wekuSpain Federico Garcia Lorca.
hondo-yakafuridzirwa
Kune nziyo dzakawanda mubasa raTokas dzakatsaurirwa kukurwisana kwenguva refu kwechiGiriki-Turkish kwakaitika kuCyprus. Izvi zvinogona kurondwa kunyange mukuunganidzwa kwenziyo dzevana pamavhesi eFontas Ladis, uko kuumbwa kwe "Varwi" kunotsaurirwa kune njodzi yehondo.
Mukutanga 80s, Tokas akanyora mimhanzi yenhetembo yaNeshe Yashin "Ndeipi hafu?" Yakatsaurirwa kukupatsanurwa kweCyprus. Rwiyo urwu runova, zvichida, rwakakosha zvikuru mubasa raMarios Tokas, nokuti makore gare gare yakawana chimiro cherwiyo rusina pamutemo kune vatsigiri vekubatanidzwazve kweCyprus. Uyezve, rwiyo rwacho rwaidiwa nevaTurkey nevaGiriki.
Kutaura zvazviri, basa rakawanda romunyori wacho rakatsaurirwa kunyika yokumusha kwake, kwaakagamuchira mibayiro yakawanda. Muna 2001, Mutungamiri weCyprus, Glafkos Clerides, akapa Tokas imwe yepamusoro-soro mibairo - menduru "For Outstanding Services to the Fatherland".
Marios Tokas: maitiro
Mikis Theodorakis mastodon chaiwo emumhanzi wechiGiriki, makore makumi matatu akakura kupfuura Tokas. Akadaidza mabasa aMarios echiGiriki chechokwadi. Akavaenzanisa noukuru hweGomo reAthos. Kuenzanisa kwakadaro hakusi netsaona, nekuti pakati pe-30s Marios Tokas akapedza nguva muAthos monasteries, kwaakadzidza zvinyorwa zveko uye tsika. Yakanga iri nguva yehupenyu iyo yakafuridzira munyori kunyora basa "Theotokos Mary". Iri ndiro basa raakaona mugumo webasa rake somunyori.
Greek motifs yakapinda kwete chete mumhanzi wekugadzira, asiwo pendi. Tokas aifarira zvikuru pendi yemifananidzo uye mapikicha muhupenyu hwake hwese. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti mufananidzo wemuimbi pachake unoshamisira pachitambi chekutumira.
Marios Tokas: mhuri, rufu uye nhaka
Tokas akagara nemukadzi wake Amalia Petsopulu kusvika afa. Vaviri vacho vane vana vatatu - vanakomana Angelos naKostas nemwanasikana Hara.
Tokas akarwisa kenza kwenguva yakareba, asi pakupedzisira, chirwere chacho chakamupedza simba. Akashaya musi waApril 27, 2008. Rufu rwengano yenyika yakanga iri ngwavaira chaiyoiyo kuvaGiriki vose. Mariro acho akapindwa neMutungamiriri weCyprus Dimitris Christofias nezviuru zvevanoyemura basa remunyori.
Tokas akasiya mabhuku mazhinji asina kudhindwa akapiwa makore eupenyu mushure mekufa kwake. Nziyo dzaMarios Tokas dzinozivikanwa kune vese chizvarwa chekare chevaGiriki. Vanhu vanowanzo nyemwerera, vachiungana mukambani yemhuri inotonhorera.
