Count Basie mutambi wepiyano wejazz wekuAmerica ane mukurumbira, muimbi, uye mutungamiri webhendi guru rechitendero. Basie ndomumwe wevanhu vakanyanya kukosha munhoroondo yekuswing. Akakwanisa zvisingagoneki - akaita blues rudzi rwepasi rose.
Hudiki uye hudiki hwa Count Basie
Count Basie aifarira mumhanzi anenge kubva kumwana. Amai vacho vakaona kuti mukomana wacho aifarira zvemimhanzi, saka vakamudzidzisa kuridza piyano. Paakanga akura, Count akabhadharwa nemudzidzisi akamudzidzisa kuridza chiridzwa chemimhanzi.
Kufanana nevana vese, Count akapinda chikoro chesekondari. Mukomana wacho airota nezvehupenyu hwemufambi, nokuti ma carnivals aiwanzouya kuguta ravo. Mushure mekugamuchira dhipuroma rake rechikoro chesekondari, Basie akashanda kwenguva pfupi panzvimbo yemitambo yeko.
Mukomana uyu akakurumidza kudzidza kudzora zvinopenya zvevaudeville show. Akaita zvakanaka pane mamwe mabasa madiki, ayo aiwana mapasi emahara kuenda kumitambo.
Kamwe Count aifanira kutsiva piano. Yakanga iri chiitiko chake chekutanga kuva pachikuva. Debut rakabudirira. Akakurumidza kudzidza kuvandudza mimhanzi yezviratidzwa uye mafirimu akanyarara.
Panguva iyoyo, Count Basie akanga achishanda semuimbi mumapoka akasiyana-siyana. Mabhendi aiitirwa munzvimbo dzekirabhu, nzvimbo dzekutandarira, mabara nemaresitorendi. Pane imwe nguva, Count akashanyira show Kings of Syncopation naHarry Richardson.
Nenguva isipi Count akazviitira chisarudzo chakaoma. Akatamira kuNew York, kwaakasangana naJames P. Johnson, Fats Waller, uye vamwe vaimbi venhando muHarlem.
Nzira yekugadzira ye Count Basie
Mushure mekutama, Count Basie akashanda kwenguva yakareba mumaokestra aJohn Clark naSonny Greer. Akatamba mu cabarets uye discos. Yakanga isiri nguva yakanakisa maererano nekuremerwa kwebasa. Count haana kutambura nekushaya hanya. Pane kudaro, purogiramu yake yakanga yakabatikana zvokuti pakupedzisira muimbi akatanga kuva nekutya kwekutya.
Basie akasarudza kumbozorora. Ainyatsonzwisisa kuti mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro hapangave nekutaura kwekutaura. Imwe nguva gare gare, Count akadzokera pachikuva.
Akatanga kushandira pamwe neakasiyana show Keith & Toba pazera re20. Basie akakwidziridzwa kuita mutungamiriri wemimhanzi uye muperekedzi. Muna 1927, akaperekedza boka duku remimhanzi muKansas City. Muimbi akagara muguta repurovhinzi kwenguva yakareba, boka rakaputsika uye vaimbi vakasara vasina basa.
Basie akave chikamu cheiyo yakakurumbira Walter Page's Blue Devils ensemble. Basie aive muboka racho kusvika 1929. Akabva ashanda nevaimbi vasinganyatsozivikanwi. Ichi chinzvimbo chemuimbi hachina kuenderana. Zvese zvakawira munzvimbo paakave chikamu cheBennie Moten's Kansas City Orchestra.
Benny Moten akafa muna 1935. Ichi chiitiko chinosuwisa chakamanikidza Count nenhengo dze orchestra kuti vagadzire ensemble itsva. Yaive nenhengo pfumbamwe aine chigubhu Joe Jones uye tenor saxophonist Lester Young. Mubatanidzwa mutsva wakatanga kuita pasi pezita rekuti Barons of Rhythm.
Kutanga Reno Club
Imwe nguva gare gare, vaimbi vakatanga kushanda paReno Club (Kansas City). Mimhanzi yemimhanzi ye ensemble yakatanga kudhindwa zvakare panhepfenyuro dzenzvimbo. Izvi zvakakonzera kuwedzera kukurumbira uye chibvumirano neNational Booking Agency uye Decca Records.
Nerubatsiro rwemugadziri weredhiyo konzati, Basie akagamuchira zita rekuti "Count" ("Count"). Ensemble yemuimbi yaigara ichikura. Nhengo dzebhendi dzakaedza nekurira. Vakakurumidza kuita pasi pezita idzva Count Basie Orchestra. Yakanga iri pasi pezita rekusika rakadaro zvekuti timu yakasvika pachimiro chebhendi hombe yepamusoro yenguva yekuswing.
Nenguva isipi zvinyorwa zvebhendi zvakawira mumaoko emugadziri John Hammond. Akabatsira vaimbi kusiya purovhinzi ndokuenda kuNew York. Iyo Basie Count Ensemble yakasiyaniswa nenyaya yekuti yaisanganisira vaimbi vakasiyana - vechokwadi vanovandudza solo.
Kuumbwa kwakasimba kwakabvumira kugutsa repertoire ne "juicy" zvidimbu zvichibva pablues harmonic scheme, uye inenge "pakufamba" kunyora riffs inotsigira vaimbi vehasha.
Muna 1936, Count Basie Orchestra yakanga ine vaimbi vanotevera vanozivikanwa:
- Buck Clayton;
- Harry Edison;
- Peji Yemiromo Inopisa;
- Lester Young;
- Hershel Evans;
- Earl Warren;
- Buddy Tate;
- Benny Morton;
- Dicky Wells.
Chikamu che rhythm che ensemble chaizivikanwa seyakanakisa mujazi. Nezvekuimba. Vanoda mimhanzi vanofanira kunyatsoteerera: One O'Clock Jump, Jumpin' paWoodside, Taxi war Dance.
Kutanga kwema1940
Kutanga kwema1940 kwakatanga nekuti vaimbi vatsva vakapinda mumusangano. Tiri kutaura nezvaDon Bayes, Lucky Thompson, Illinois Jacket, trumpeter Joe Newman, trombonist Vicki Dickenson, JJ Johnson.
Pakazosvika 1944, marekodhi anopfuura mamirioni matatu emubatanidzwa akange atengeswa pasi rese. Zvingaita sekuti basa revaimbi rinofanira kuramba richikura. Asi yakanga isipo.
Mubasa raBasie nebhendi rake guru, nekuda kwemamiriro ehondo, pakanga paine dambudziko rekugadzira. Kuumbwa kwacho kwaigara kuchichinja, izvo zvakaita kuti ruzha rwenziyo dzenziyo dziderere. Anenge ese ensembles akawana dambudziko rekugadzira. Basie aive asina sarudzo kunze kwekubvisa rodha muna 1950.
Muna 1952, boka racho rakatangazve mabasa aro. Kuti adzorere mukurumbira waBasie, timu yake yakatanga kushanya. Vaimbi vakaburitsa akati wandei mabasa akakodzera. Count akawana zita rekuti "the consummate master of swing". Muna 1954, vaimbi vakaenda kuEurope.
Mumakore mashoma akatevera, iyo ensemble discography yakazadzikiswa nenhamba yakakosha yemarekodhi. Pamusoro pezvo, Basie akaburitsa akaunganidzwa ega uye akabatana nemamwe maart artists.
Kubva 1955, muimbi akadzokorora kutora chinzvimbo chekutungamira musarudzo dzevanoda jazz nevatsoropodzi vemimhanzi. Nenguva isipi akagadzira imba yekutsikisa mimhanzi.
Mukutanga kwema1970, kuumbwa kwechikwata kwakachinja nguva nenguva. Asi mune iyi kesi yaive yekubatsira kweiyo repertoire. Zvinyorwa zvakachengetedza simba razvo, asi panguva imwe chete, zvinyorwa "zvitsva" zvakanzwika mazviri.
Kubva pakati pe-1970s, Count akaonekwa pachikuva zvishoma uye zvishoma. Zvose zvinokonzerwa nechirwere chakamubvisa simba maari. Kubva kutanga kwema1980, akatungamira ensemble kubva pawiricheya. Makore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake muimbi akapedza padhesiki rake - akanyora autobiography yake.
Mushure mekufa kwaBasie, Frank Foster akatora chigaro semutungamiri. The orchestra yakabva yatungamirirwa netrombonist Grover Mitchell. Nehurombo, iyo ensemble isina tarenda Count yakatanga kupera nekufamba kwenguva. Vakuru vakatadza kutevera nzira yaBasie.
Rufu rwa Count Basie
Muimbi akafa musi waApril 26, 1984. Count akafa aine makore 79. Chikonzero chekufa igomarara repancreatic.
