Benny Goodman unhu husina izvo zvisingabviri kufungidzira mimhanzi. Aiwanzonzi mambo wemuzungu. Avo vakapa Benny zita remadunhurirwa iri vaive vaine zvese zvavaifunga. Kunyange nanhasi hapana mubvunzo kuti Benny Goodman muimbi anobva kuna Mwari.
Benny Goodman aipfuura kungova ane mukurumbira clarinetist uye bandleader. Muimbi uyu akagadzira maokestra anozivikanwa anozivikanwa nekubatana kwawo kunoshamisa uye kubatana.
Muimbi uyu aive nemukurumbira nekuda kwesimba rake guru revanhu. Vaimbi vechitema vairidza muorchestra yaBenny panguva yekusarurana kukuru uye kusarurana.
Ubwana uye huduku
Benny akaberekerwa mumhuri yevaJudha vakabva kune dzimwe nyika kubva kuRussia Empire, David Gutman (kubva kuBelaya Tserkov) naDora Rezinskaya-Gutman (maererano nemamwe mabhuku, chiGeorgian kana Grinskaya, kubva kuKovno).
Kubva paudiki aifarira mimhanzi. Pazera remakore gumi, clarinet yakawira mumaoko aBenny. Kwapera gore, mukomana wacho akatamba nziyo dzeakakurumbira Ted Lewis.
Goodman moonlighted semuimbi wemumugwagwa. Mukomana wacho paakanga achiri kuyaruka, akanga atova nemari yake yehomwe. Munguva iyi, Benny akatanga kuona kuwedzera kwemimhanzi paari. Nenguva isipi akasiya chikoro chesekondari ndokuzvipira kuita zvinhu. Anenge pakarepo mushure mekusarudza kusiya chikoro chedzidzo, akabatana neimba yehwamanda Bix Beiderbeck.
Nenzira, Benny Goodman ndiye muimbi wechichena wekutanga akawana kuzivikanwa pakati pevatema jazzmen. Zvakanga zvakakodzera. Hongu, kunyangwe zvakadaro munhu wese ainzwa mutambo wemukomana uyu akanzwisisa kuti aizoenda kure.
Nzira yekugadzira yaBenny Goodman
Mukupera kwa1929, muimbi weJazz akasiya orchestra ndokuenda kuNew York. Benny haana kungosiya bhendi. Aida kuvaka basa rake ega.
Nenguva isipi, muimbi wechidiki akanga achirekodha nziyo paredhiyo, achiridza mumapoka emimhanzi yeBroadway, uye achinyora nziyo. Uye akazviita pachake, achitsigirwa nemaensembles akavandudzwa.
Imwe nguva gare gare, Benny Goodman akanyora rwiyo, nekuda kwaakawana mukurumbira wake wekutanga. Tiri kutaura nezvemumhanzi wenziyo Haakodzeri Kuchema. Iyo track yakanyorwa muna 1931 neMeloton Records uye yaive nemuimbi Scrappy Lambert.
Nenguva isipi muimbi akasaina kondirakiti yake yekutanga neColumbia Records. Muna 1934, Haasi Cha Kufara here?, Riffin 'muScotch, Ol' Pappy, Ini Handisi Simbe, Ndiri Just Dreamin 'akatungamira machati emimhanzi ane mukurumbira munyika.
Kuzivikanwa uye kutanga kwe "nguva yekuzungunuka"
Vanoda mimhanzi uye mafeni vakagamuchira nemufaro nziyo dzakaunzwa nemuimbi. Ichokwadi chokuti nziyo dzaive mu chati, hongu, dzakawedzera mukurumbira waBenny Goodman. Chii chaungatarisira kubva kumuimbi uyo akatoburitsa gumi nemaviri akakodzera mabasa? Chokwadi, shasha itsva. Kuumbwa Mwedzi Kupenya (1934) kwakatora nzvimbo yekutanga yemachati. Kwakanga kuri kubudirira kukuru.
Kubudirira kwerwiyo urwu kwakadzokororwa neTora Shoko Rangu uye Bugle Call Rag. Mushure mekupera kwechibvumirano neimba yemimhanzi, Benny akakokwa kuNBC nhepfenyuro kuti aite chirongwa cheMugovera Ngatitambane.
Kwemwedzi mitanhatu yebasa, Benny Goodman akarova pamusoro pemachati emimhanzi kane gumi nemaviri. Kubudirira uku kwakadzokororwa mushure mekunge muimbi atanga kushanda nekambani yekurekodha RCA Victor.
Asi nokukurumidza purogiramu, uko Benny Goodman akanga ari mugamuchiri, yakavharwa. Chiitiko ichi chakatarisana nekuramwa mabasa kwevashandi vekambani yeNational Biscuit Company - inotsigira chirongwa chenhepfenyuro imwe chete iyi. Saka, Goodman nechikwata chake vakasara vasina basa.
Idzi hadzisi nguva dzakanakisa dzeUnited States of America. Nyika yakange yave mudepression chaiyo. Benny Goodman nerwiyo rwake, mupfungwa chaiyo yeshoko racho, vakasiyiwa vasina mari. Nenguva isipi muimbi wacho akasarudza kuenda kumotokari dzega parwendo rukuru.
Munzira nomumataundi eMidwest, makonzati eorchestra akanga asina mukurumbira zvikuru. Vazhinji vevateereri vakabuda muhoro mushure mekunge vaona kuti vaimbi vairidza mimhanzi ye swing, kwete mimhanzi yekutamba.
Nguva dzakaoma kuna Benny Goodman
Vaimbi vacho vakanga vasina kana sendi. Vakawira mukuora mwoyo. Vakawanda vakangosiya kuimba nokuti vaida chimwe chinhu chokudyisa mhuri dzavo. Mafambiro akange asisaite purofiti.
Bhendi rakazoenda kuLos Angeles. Muimbi panguva ino akasarudza kusaedza. Vakaridza kwete zvavo, asi mimhanzi yekutamba. Muhoro, vateereri vakazvitora vasingafariri, vakatsikwa-tsikwa vakanyarara mumikoto, kugunun'una kwakatanga. Muridzi wengoma akashevedzera kuti, "Varume, isu tiri kuitei? Kana uku kuri kwekupedzisira kuita, ngative nechokwadi chekuti hatinyare kuzviona isu tabuda pachikuva ... "
Vaimbi vakarega kuridza mumhanzi wekutamba ndokuridza bhenji renguva dzose. Manheru iwayo vakashanda pa100%. Vateereri vakafara. Vadi vemimhanzi "vakadzvova" nemufaro uye nemufaro. Vazhinji vakaziva nziyo dzakakurumbira dzaBenny Goodman.
Imwe nguva gare gare, Benny Goodman akatamira kunharaunda yeChicago. Ikoko, nemuimbi Helen, Ward akanyora nhamba dze "juicy" nziyo, iyo mune ramangwana yakave yakazivikanwa yekare. Zviri pamusoro penziyo:
- Yave Yakareba;
- goody-goody;
- Kubwinya kweRudo;
- Zvinhu zvoupenzi izvi zvinondiyeuchidza nezvako;
- Makandipira Matafura.
Nokukurumidza Benny Goodman akakokwazve kuti atungamirire purogiramu yacho. Akave mugadziri weCamel Caravan show. Mumatsutso a1936, orchestra yake yakatanga kuoneka paterevhizheni. Ipapo muimbi akadzokera kuNew York.
Peak yeBenny Goodman's Musical Basa
Kwapera gore, mimhanzi yaBenny Goodman yakarova zvakare nzvimbo dzepamusoro dzemachati emimhanzi. Mukurumbira unoshamisa wakawira pamuimbi wacho. Nenguva isipi orchestra inotungamirirwa nemuimbi yakatora chikamu mukutorwa kwefirimu "Hotel Hollywood".
Iyo Savoy Dance Hall, iyo yakashanyirwa nevataridzi vemarudzi akasiyana-siyana, panguva iyoyo yakabata Hondo dzeJazz Bands, uko Chick Webb's orchestra yaiwanzokunda vakwikwidzi. Goodman, aona kukosha kwake, akapikisa Chick Webb.
New York yakabata mweya wayo ichimirira iyo yakamirirwa kwenguva refu mimhanzi duel. Vataridzi vakatadza kumirira kurwisana kwematitan maviri. Uye manheru akagadzwa, Savoy dance hall yakazara. Imba yacho yaikwana vanhu vanopfuura zviuru zvina. Vateereri vakanga vakamirira. Chaive chinhu!
Hapana nomumwe wavaoni vaivapo akanga ambonzwa chinhu chakadai! Vaimbi vakaedza zvikuru zvokuti zvinoita sekuti mhepo yakanga ine simba guru iri.
Pasinei nekutanga uye hunhu hwevaimbi veGoodman Orchestra, Chick Webb's orchestra yaive yakanyanya kunaka. Apo vaimbi vaipikisa vakatanga kuridza, nhengo dzevaimbi yaBenny Goodman dzaingosimudza maoko. Vaiziva kuti Chick Webb yaizokunda.
Nhamba yepamusoro yebasa remimhanzi raBenny Goodman yakauya muna 1938. Maiva mugore rino kuti muimbi akabata konzati ine mukurumbira paCarnegie Hall muNew York. Ipapo muimbi haana kuita nziyo chete kubva kune yake repertoire, asiwo Al Jolson's Avalon track.
Gore rimwe chetero, nziyo dzaGoodman dzakanga dziri pamusoro pegumi kanopfuura ka14. Nziyo dzine mukurumbira dzinosanganisira I Rega Rwiyo Rubude Mumwoyo Wangu, Usadaro Nenzira uye Imba, Imba, Imba (Nechizungu). Rwiyo rwekupedzisira rwakafarirwa zvikuru. Akabva apinzwa muGrammy Hall of Fame.
Zviitwa zvaBenny Goodman munguva yepashure pehondo
Kupinda kweUnited States of America muHondo Yenyika II uye kuramwa mabasa kwakatangwa neAmerican Federation of Musicians kwakamanikidza Benny kumbomira kushanda naVictor RCA.
Muimbi akakwanisa kupedza basa pane dzimwe nziyo kunyange vasati varamwa. Chimiro cheKutora Chance paRudo chinofanirwa kutariswa zvakanyanya.
Akabva aedza ruoko rwake pa cinema. Akaonekwa mumafirimu akadai seStage Door Canteen, The Gang's All Here uye Inotapira uye Yakaderera-Pasi. Benny akanyatso kujaira basa uye netarenda akaburitsa mamiriro ehunhu hwake.
Munguva yechando ye1944, jazzman, pamwe chete nequintet yake, vakava nhengo yeBroadway show The Seven Arts. Chiratidziro chakamutsa kufarira kukuru pakati pevateereri uye chakakunda 182 mitambo.
Kwapera gore, kurambidzwa kwekurekodha kwakabviswa. Benny Goodman akadzokera kunzvimbo yake yekurekodha studio. Nechekare muna Kubvumbi, iyo Hot Jazz compilation yakaburitswa, iyo pakarepo yakarova yepamusoro gumi yeakanakisa marekodhi.
Kuunganidzwa kunotevera Gotta Be This or That kwakabudirirawo. Pakurekodha kwealbum, Goodman pachake akaita chikamu chezwi kekutanga. Ichi chiitiko chakatorwa murwiyo Symphony.
Nenguva isipi Benny akatamira kuimba yekurekodha Capitol Records. Mukuwedzera, akatora chikamu mukutorwa kwefirimu A Song is Born. Munguva imwecheteyo yenguva, kuedza kwake kwemimhanzi kwakatanga.
Swing yakatsiva bebop, uye orchestra yaGoodman yakanyora nziyo dzinoverengeka muchimiro ichi. Chakashamisa zvikuru chaiva mashoko okuti Goodman akanga achiparadza orchestra yake. Chiitiko ichi chakaitika muna 1949. Mune ramangwana, muimbi akaunganidza orchestra, asi chete kune iyo inonzi imwe nguva "zviito".
Pakuvamba kwema1950, Benny haana kuita mabasa ekunyora. Panguva imwecheteyo, muunganidzwa wake weJazz Concert paCarnegie Hall yakaonekwa. Muimbi "akaisa" kurekodha mhenyu kwechiitiko chakakurumbira muna Ndira 16, 1938 mune iyi disc.
Kuunganidzwa kwakatevera kweJazz Concerto No. 2 kwakagamuchirwawo noushamwari nevateveri nevatsoropodzi vemimhanzi. Kwapera gore, discography yemuimbi yakazadzwa neimwe albhamu, Iyo Benny Goodman Nyaya.
Makore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwaBenny Goodman
Kubva pakati pema1950, Benny Goodman akaita nzendo dzinoverengeka pasi rose. Mukutanga kwema1960, muimbi akashanyira nharaunda yeSoviet Union. Akafadzwa nekugamuchirwa kweushamwari kubva kune vateveri vake. Somugumisiro, akabudisa album "Benny Goodman muMoscow".
Muna 1963, vaimbi vakanga vatamba naGoodman kare kare sekutanga kwema1930 vakaungana paRCA Victor Studios. Tiri kutaura nezvaGene Krupe, Teddy Wilson naLionel Hampton. Vaimbi vakabatana kwete saizvozvo chete, asi kuti vanyore album "Together Again!". Iyo albhamu haina kuenda isingacherechedzwe nevatsigiri.
Makore akaita kuti anzwe, saka muimbi wacho haana kurekodha nziyo. Basa rinokosha chete rakanga riri kuunganidza "Benny Goodman Nhasi", rakanyorwa muna 1971 muStockholm. Nguva pfupi asati afa, Benny Goodman akagamuchira mubayiro weGrammy Award. Iyo album "Ngatitambe!" yakakunda. (zvichibva pamimhanzi yepurogiramu yeredhiyo yezita rimwe chete).
Benny Goodman akafa musi waJune 13, 1986 muNew York. Ane dambudziko remwoyo kwenguva refu. Akafa nechirwere chemoyo uye akavigwa kuStamford.
Sezvingatarisirwa, Benny Goodman akasiya nhaka yakapfuma yekusika. Yakanga ichisanganisira zvakawanda zvakaunganidzwa zvakanyorwa kuColumbia neRCA Victor kurekodha studio.
Kune nhevedzano yemadhisiki kubva mudura remuimbi, akaburitswa neMusic Master, uye akasiyana marekodhi. Uye kunyange zvazvo muimbi wacho akafa kare, nziyo dzake hadzifi.
